Radiation Therapy With or Without Bicalutamide and Goserelin in Treating Patients With Prostate Cancer

Overview

RATIONALE: Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to damage tumor cells. Bicalutamide and goserelin may fight prostate cancer by reducing the production of testosterone. It is not yet known if radiation therapy is more effective with or without bicalutamide and goserelin in treating prostate cancer. PURPOSE: Randomized phase III trial to compare the effectiveness of radiation therapy with or without bicalutamide and goserelin in treating patients who have localized prostate cancer.

OBJECTIVES: * Compare the potential beneficial impact of radiotherapy with or without adjuvant bicalutamide and goserelin on the long-term outcome of patients with localized prostate cancer. * Compare the acute and late radiation-induced side effects of these regimens in these patients. * Compare the biochemical/clinical disease-free survival, overall survival, and time to local progression in patients treated with these regimens. * Compare the time to clinical biological failure or death in patients treated with these regimens. * Compare the quality of life of patients treated with these regimens. OUTLINE: This is a randomized, multicenter study. Patients are stratified according to tumor class (T1b-c vs T2a), initial prostate-specific antigen level (10 ng/mL vs 10-20 ng/mL vs greater than 20 ng/mL), Gleason score (2-6 vs 7-10) and participating center. Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms. * Arm I: Patients undergo 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy or intensity-modulated radiotherapy once daily 5 days a week for 7-7.5 weeks. * Arm II: Patients receive adjuvant oral bicalutamide once daily on days 1-30 and goserelin subcutaneously on days 8 and 98. Beginning on day 8, patients undergo radiotherapy as in arm I. Quality of life is assessed at baseline and then at months 6, 12, 24, and 36. Patients are followed every 6 months for 5 years and then annually thereafter. PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 800 patients (400 per treatment arm) will be accrued for this study within 5 years.