A Comparison of Adefovir and Tenofovir for the Treatment of Lamivudine-Resistant Hepatitis B Virus in People With HIV

Inclusion Criteria for All Participants: * HIV infected * HBV infected * Serum HBV DNA of 100,000 copies/ml or greater * Positive for serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) within 12 weeks prior to study entry * Agree to use acceptable methods of contraception * Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) of 50 ng/ml or less within 30 days of study entry. If AFP is greater than 50 ng/ml, the patient must have an imaging study of the liver showing no tumor within 30 days prior to study entry Inclusion Criteria for Population A: * Uninterrupted stable HAART regimen at study entry for at least 12 continuous weeks prior to study entry * HIV viral load of 10,000 copies/ml or less within 12 weeks of study entry Inclusion Criteria for Population A, Group I: * Compensated liver disease * Child-Pugh-Turcotte (CPT) score of less than 7 Exclusion Criteria for Population A, Group I: * Excess fluid in the space between the membranes lining the abdomen and abdominal organs (ascites) * Gastrointestinal (variceal) bleeding * Brain and nervous system damage as a result of liver disease * Abnormal blood clotting time Inclusion Criteria for Population A, Group II: * Decompensated liver disease * CPT score of 7-12 Inclusion Criteria for Population B: * Prior HAART regimen * Never taken TDF as part of HAART regimen * Serum HBV DNA of 100,000 copies/ml or greater within 12 weeks of study entry * HIV viral load of greater than 10,000 copies/ml within 12 weeks of study entry * CPT score less than 13 Exclusion Criteria * Serious kidney problems within the last 12 months * Allergic or sensitive to ADV or TDF * Active hepatitis C virus (HCV) disease or unknown HCV status within 24 weeks of study entry * Any medical or mental illness that, in the opinion of the investigator, would interfere with the protocol * Past or current alcohol or drug abuse that would affect the protocol * Malignancy that, in the opinion of the investigator, would make the patient unsuitable for the study * Certain anti-HBV drugs within 90 days of study entry or expected use of these agents during the course of the study * Drugs that may damage the kidneys within 8 weeks prior to study screening or expected use of these agents during the course of the study * Systemic corticosteroids within 90 days of study entry * Current use of drugs containing pivalic acid * Certain investigational anti-HIV agents * Pregnant or breastfeeding