The purpose of this multicenter study is to determine if insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I) slows the progressive weakness in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. Study participants will be followed for 2 years once enrolled. They will receive either placebo or the active IGF-I. Examinations will take place at approximately 6-month intervals.
The objective of this trial was to determine whether IGF-1 (MyotrophinTM) slows progression of weakness in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Three hundred thirty patients with ALS from 20 medical centers participated in this double blind, placebo-controlled two-year study. Half the patients received IGF-1 and the other half received placebo. The drug will be administered twice a day. ALS is a neurodegenerative disorder that causes progressive muscle weakness and loss of motor neurons. IGF-1 is a neurotrophic factor essential for normal development of the nervous system and shows protection of motor neurons in animal models and cell culture systems. It is thought to block cell death pathways and promote muscle re-innervation and axonal growth and regeneration.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
330
0.05 mg per kg body weight given subcutaneously twice daily
The placebo represented the inert suspension vehicle for the IGF-1. It was given as equal volume as the active drug based upon body weight, subcutaneously twice daily.
Mayo Clinic in Scottsdale
Scottsdale, Arizona, United States
California Pacific Medical Center
Rate of Change in Composite Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) Score
The primary outcome measure was the rate of change in the MMT score. MMT involved the examination of 34 muscle groups with standard positioning. The final MMT score represented an average of the 34 muscles examined, and ranged from 10 to 0(10 normal strength, 0 paralyzed). The individual muscle score was based on the medical research council (MRC) grading scale (1-5) modified to a 10 point system corresponding to the MRC modifications of plus and minus (5, 5-,4+,4,4-,3+,3, 3-,2,1,0; with 5 being normal strength and 0 paralyzed).
Time frame: Baseline and 24 months
Number of Participants Alive and Tracheostomy-free at 24 Months
Patients who elected to proceed to tracheostomy were assessed the month of their procedure. Subjects who continuously utilized non-invasive positive pressure ventilation for greater than 10 days were assessed as being ventilator-dependent on the first day they began continuous Non Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NIPPV). All subjects were followed for the 24 month time period.
Time frame: baseline to 24 months
Rate of Change in ALS Functional Rating Scale.
The final secondary outcome measure was the rate of change in the ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-r) score. The ALSFRS-r was completed at each visit (randomization and then at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months post-randomization). This is a scale from 0 to 48 assessing functional impairment in 12 clinically relevant areas in ALS. Forty-eight is normal with full function and zero is total loss of function in all clinical functions. As with the MMT scores a score of 0 was imputed on the day of death. Analysis of the ALSFRS-r scores as a secondary outcome was performed in similar manner as MMT score.
Time frame: Baseline and 24 months
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