To Evaluate the Long-term Safety of (R,R)-Formoterol in Subjects With COPD

INCLUSION CRITERIA: In order to qualify for participation, subjects must meet the following criteria: * Must give written informed consent prior to participation. Women of childbearing potential must also sign the Women of Childbearing Potential Addendum. * Must be willing to comply with study procedures and visit schedule * Male or female \>35 years of age * Female subjects \<65 years of age must have a serum pregnancy test conducted at Visit 1 and confirmed negative prior to randomization. Subjects of childbearing potential must be using an acceptable method of birth control. * Female subjects who are considered not of childbearing potential must be: (1) documented surgically sterile, OR (2) postmenopausal * Have a primary diagnosis of COPD, which may include components of chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema. Diagnosis can be made during the screening process. * Have a minimum smoking history of 15 pack-years (pack-years = the number of cigarette packs per day times the number of years) * Medical Research Council (MRC) Dyspnea Scale Score \>2 * Have a baseline FEV1 \<65% of predicted normal value and \>0.70 L documented prior to randomization * Have an FEV1/FVC ratio \<70% documented prior to randomization. * Have a chest x-ray that is consistent with the diagnosis of COPD and taken \<3 months prior to Visit 1. If there is no chest x-ray taken 3 months prior to Visit 1, a chest x-ray will be performed prior to Visit 2. * Be able to complete all study questionnaires and logs reliably EXCLUSION CRITERIA: In order to qualify for participation, subjects must not meet any of the following criteria: * Currently using disallowed medications or will be unable to complete the medication washout periods * Female subject who is pregnant or lactating * Have participated in an investigational drug study within 30 days prior to Visit 1 or who is currently participating in another investigational drug study * Subject whose schedule or travel prevents the completion of all required visits * Subject who is scheduled for in-patient hospitalization, including elective surgery (in-patient or out-patient) during the trial. * Subject with life-threatening/unstable respiratory status, including upper or lower respiratory tract infection, within the previous 30 days prior to Visit 1 * Known history of asthma or any chronic respiratory disease (including a current history of sleep apnea) other than COPD (chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema). * Subject with a blood eosinophil count \>5% * Subject with clinically significant cardiac, hepatic, renal, gastrointestinal, endocrine, metabolic, neurologic, or psychiatric disorder that may interfere with successful completion of this protocol * History of cancer except non-melanomatous skin cancer * History of lung resection of more than one full lobe * Subject who requires continuous supplemental oxygen therapy. The use of supplemental oxygen, not to exceed 2 L/minute, at nighttime only and/or only during exercise is allowed. * Have had a change in dose or type of any medications for COPD within 14 days prior to the screening visit * Have a known sensitivity to (R,R)-formoterol, ipratropium, salmeterol or albuterol or any of the excipients contained in any of these formulations * Have clinically significant abnormalities that may interfere with the metabolism or excretion of the study drug * Have a history of substance abuse or drug abuse within 12 months of Visit 1 or with a positive urine drug screen at the screening visit * Subject with clinically significant abnormal laboratory values * Subject with clinically significant abnormal 12-lead ECG that may jeopardize the subject's ability to complete the study * Subject using any prescription drug for which concomitant beta-agonist administration is contraindicated