D.T. PACE Versus High Dose Melphalan and Autologous Transplant in Patients With Previously Treated Multiple Myeloma

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients must have previously treated (\> 1 cycle prior therapy), active multiple myeloma requiring treatment. Patients that have received \>450 mg/m2 of prior Adriamycin therapy are eligible, however, Adriamycin will be deleted from the DT PACE regimen in these patients. * Patients must have measurable disease defined as one of the following: serum monoclonal protein \>/= 1.0 mg/dl, OR urine monoclonal protein \>/= 1.0 grams/24 hour, OR \>/= 20% bone marrow plasmacytosis. * All necessary baseline studies for determining eligibility must be obtained within 35 days prior to registration. * Patients must have a performance status of 0-2 based on SWOG criteria.Patients with a poor performance status (3-4), based solely on bone pain, will be eligible. * Patients must have a platelet count \> or = 100,000/microliters. Patients with platelet count \< 100,000/microliters may be enrolled if it is felt to be due to extensive marrow plasmacytosis. The study coordinator must be consulted and dose modifications may apply. * All patients must be informed of the investigational nature of this study and must sign and give written informed consent in accordance with institutional and federal guidelines. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients must not have received a prior autotransplant or allograft. * Patients must not have significant co-morbid medical conditions or uncontrolled life threatening infection. * Patients with recent (\< o= 6 months) myocardial infarction, unstable angina, difficult to control congestive heart failure, uncontrolled hypertension, or difficult to control cardiac arrythmias are ineligible. Ejection fraction by ECHO or MUGA should be within the institutional normal range and must be performed within 42 days prior to registration. * Patients must not have a history of chronic obstructive or chronic restrictive pulmonary disease.Patients must have adequate pulmonary function studies \> or = 50% of predicted on mechanical aspects (FEV1, FVC, etc) and diffusion capacity (DLCO) \> or = 50% of predicted. Patients unable to complete pulmonary function tests due to myeloma related pain or fracture must have a high resolution CT scan of the chest and must also have acceptable arterial blood gases defined as P02 greater than 70. * No prior malignancy is allowed except for adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, in situ cervical cancer, or other cancer for which the patient has been disease free for at least three years. Prior malignancy is acceptable provided there has been no evidence of disease within the three-year interval and there must be no prior treatment with cytotoxic drugs that could potentially be assigned on this treatment protocol. * Pregnant or nursing women may not participate. Women of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy documented within one week of registration. Women/men of reproductive potential may not participate unless they have agreed to use an effective contraceptive method.