This randomized phase II trial is studying how well T4N5 liposomal lotion works in preventing the recurrence of nonmelanoma skin cancer in patients who have undergone a kidney transplant. Chemoprevention therapy is the use of certain drugs to try to prevent the development of or recurrence of cancer. T4N5 liposomal lotion may be effective preventing the recurrence of nonmelanoma skin cancer in patients who have undergone a kidney transplant.
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. Compare the incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) (average per patient) on the sun-exposed skin of renal transplant recipients with a history of NMSC treated with T4N5 liposomal lotion vs placebo. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. Compare the proportion of these patients who develop NMSC on sun-exposed skin during treatment and after cessation of treatment with these regimens. II. Compare the incidence of NMSC on the sun-exposed skin of these patients after cessation of treatment with these regimens. III. Compare the incidence of recurrent and de novo actinic keratoses (AKs) in patients treated with these regimens. IV. Determine whether either of these regimens induces regression of AKs left untreated on the sun-exposed skin of these patients. V. Compare the proportion of these patients who develop melanoma, in both treated and untreated sites, during and after cessation of treatment with these regimens. OUTLINE: This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study. Patients are stratified according to study center. Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 arms. Six months before randomization, lesions suspicious for nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) are surgically removed and histologically analyzed. All but 10 randomly selected non-suspicious lesions are removed. Of these 10 lesions, 5 are shave biopsied immediately pre-treatment for histologic and surrogate endpoint biomarker (SEB) analysis and to determine a baseline actinic keratosis: wart ratio. Patients also undergo a pre-treatment biopsy of normal appearing sun-exposed and non-sun-exposed skin (buttocks). Arm I: Patients apply T4N5 liposomal lotion topically to non-occluded, sun-exposed areas of the head, neck, face, and upper extremities once daily for 12 months. Arm II: Patients apply placebo topically to non-occluded, sun-exposed areas of the head, neck, face, and upper extremities once daily for 12 months. Treatment in both arms continues in the absence of the development of metastatic cutaneous squamous cell cancer or melanoma. Patients are followed every 3 months. PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 100 patients (50 per treatment arm) will be accrued for this study within 6 months.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
100
UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center
Birmingham, Alabama, United States
Incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC)
Descriptive statistics such as mean, median, standard deviation will be calculated to summarize the number of new NMSC for each of the two randomization arms and compared using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
Time frame: Up to 18 months
Proportion of patients who develop NMSC during and after completion of study therapy
Calculated for the study drug and placebo arms and compared using the Fisher's exact or chi-square test.
Time frame: Up to 18 months
Incidence of NMSC
Summarized by treatment arm and compared using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
Time frame: Up to 18 months
Incidence of recurrent and de novo actinic keratoses (AKs) after completion of study therapy
Summarized by treatment arm and compared using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Similarly, multivariate Poisson regression model will be utilized to compare the cumulative number of incident AKs at the end of treatment as a function of treatment arm and covariates.
Time frame: Up to 18 months
Number of regressed AKs after completion of study therapy
Summarized by treatment group and compared using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Similarly, multivariate Poisson regression model will be utilized to compare the cumulative number of regressed AKs at the end of treatment as a function of treatment group and covariates. In addition to the covariates listed above, the number of AKs at baseline will be included as a covariate in the model.
Time frame: At 18 months
Risk of developing melanoma in both treated and untreated sites
The data will be collected and analyzed by scoring both total body melanoma distribution and those in lotion treatment sites. Relative risk will be calculated for the development of melanomas. The Chi-Square test will be used to explore the risk relationships.
Time frame: Up to 18 months
Change in SEBs levels
Descriptive statistics will be calculated at baseline and end of treatment for several SEBs by treatment arm. The change in SEB levels will be also calculated for each patient and compared between treatment arms using either the two-sample t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
Time frame: From baseline to 12 months
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