Comparison of Two Medication Adherence Strategies to Improve Asthma Treatment Adherence

Inclusion Criteria: * Receiving treatment for asthma at one of the participating clinics * Moderate or severe persistent asthma according to the NHLBI Guidelines * Current use of prescribed inhaled corticosteroids * Evidence of reversible airflow obstruction, as indicated by the following two criteria: 1. FEV1pp AND less than 80% at the time of study entry or within the 3 years prior to study entry 2. An increase of greater than 15% and 200ml in FEV1 with asthma treatment over the last 3 years (if there is no record of such improvement, participants will be evaluated via spirometry pre- and post-bronchodilator at the first study visit. An increase in FEV1 or FVC greater than 12% and 200 ml in FEV1 30 minutes following albuterol administration will represent evidence of reversible airflow obstruction. If a spirometer is not immediately available, participants may be evaluated using a peak flow meter, which reports a PEF. A PEFpp less than 80% and an improvement of at least 60 L per minute after the administration of albuterol will represent evidence of reversible airflow obstruction) * Has a functional telephone or mobile phone Exclusion Criteria: * Significant lung or cardiac disease (other than hypertension) * Psychiatric illness, such as mania or schizophrenia, that may make it impossible to understand or carry out the Problem Solving intervention