Trial of Paroxetine-CR for the Treatment of Patients With Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Remaining Symptomatic After Initial Exposure Therapy

Inclusion Criteria: * Male or female outpatients at least 18 years of age with a primary (the condition that is most central to the patient's current distress) psychiatric diagnosis of PTSD as defined by DSM-IV criteria. * Patients must have remained symptomatic (CGI-S \> 3) and a score of at least 6 on the Short PTSD Rating Interview (SPRINT) after a minimum of 7 sessions of PE (delivered within 6 weeks) to be eligible for randomized treatment. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients will be excluded from the study for serious medical illness or instability for which hospitalization may be likely within the next three months. * Pregnant or lactating women or those of childbearing potential not using medically accepted forms of contraception will be excluded. * Concurrent use of other psychotropic medications; all psychotropic medications (excluding benzodiazepines) must be stopped at least one week prior to entry into the initial PE phase of the study. Patients may remain on concomitant benzodiazepines (\<2 mg/d clonazepam or its equivalent), as long as the benzodiazepine therapy was initiated at least 2 months prior to randomization and at a constant dose for \>4 weeks prior to randomization; the dose will be held constant through the study. * Lifetime diagnosis of schizophrenia or any other psychosis, mental retardation, organic mental disorders, or bipolar disorder; obsessive-compulsive disorder, eating disorders, cutting or other significant self-injurious behavior or alcohol/substance abuse disorders within the last 6 months, are study exclusions. Patients with a current primary diagnosis of major depression, dysthymia, social anxiety disorder and generalized anxiety disorder are excluded - the presence of these disorders is permissible as long as the PTSD is the predominant disorder. * Patients with a history of hypersensitivity or poor response to paroxetine are excluded. Concurrent dynamic or supportive psychotherapy is permitted as long as it is has been ongoing for at least 2 months prior to onset of study entry. * Patients with current compensation or legal actions related to the effects of the trauma, or those with an ongoing relationship with their assailant. * Patients with a positive toxicology screen at baseline consistent with evidence of current substance abuse or dependence as determined by clinical interview.