Study for Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

Inclusion Criteria: * Confirmed diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in the second salvage setting: refractory to two prior courses of therapy or primary refractory without response to two previous courses of leukemia therapy. * Patients must have received at least two previous courses of induction chemotherapy to be considered in the second salvage setting. * Patients who are in second relapse, must have had a duration of their second CR or CRp of less than six months. * Subjects must have adequate organ and immune function as indicated by the following laboratory values: * Creatinine clearance ≥ 45 mL/min and ≤ 125 mL/min; * Total bilirubin ≤ 2.0 mg/dL (≤ 34.2 µmol/L); * AST (SGOT) and ALT (SGPT) ≤ 3 x upper limit of normal (ULN). * Subjects must have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of \< 2, and an estimated life expectancy of at least eight weeks. Exclusion Criteria: * Clinical evidence of active central nervous system (CNS) leukemic involvement * Active and uncontrolled infection * Uncontrolled medical problems unrelated to the malignancy that impair patient ability to give informed consent or unacceptably reduce the safety of the proposed treatment * Neurologic or psychiatric disorders that would interfere with informed consent or study follow-up * Known or suspected intolerance or hypersensitivity to Troxatyl® or closely related compounds such as lamivudine or any of the stated ingredients * A recent history of alcohol or other substance abuse * Subjects who have used another investigational agent or participated in a clinical trial within the last 14 days prior to enrolment * Females with a positive pregnancy test at screening * Subjects who have previously been enrolled into this study and subsequently withdrew