Efficacy of G-CSF-Priming in Elderly AML Patients

Inclusion Criteria: * Diagnosis of de-novo AML, FAB M0, 1, 2, 4-7 or * Diagnosis of secondary AML after previous chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy or after preceeding MDS or * Diagnosis of an advanced MDS, i.e. RAEB-t according to the FAB classification or * Extramedullary AML (chloroma, "granulocytic sarcoma") * Age greater than 60 years (not including 60 years) * ECOG performance status 0, 1, or 2 * Written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with a t(15;17) translocation * Patients with severe cardiac disease (e.g. cardiac failure NYHA III/IV, myocardial infarction within the last 6 months; severe ventricular arrythmias (Lown III or IV) * Patients with severe complications of the leukemia such as uncontrolled bleeding, pneumonia with hypoxia or shock. * Severe pulmonary disease (diffusion capacity for CO2 of less than 50%) * Significant renal dysfunction (creatinine clearance \< 60/min/min) * Bilirubin \> 2mg% (\>34.2 mmol/l) * Patients with a clinically active second malignancy * Patients with a psychiatric, addictive, or any disorder wich compromises ability to give truly informed consent for participating in this study * HIV positivity * Known refractoriness to platelet transfusion, inability to adequately substitute blood products