Rectal Reconstruction in Treating Patients Who Are Undergoing Surgery for Rectal Cancer

* Histologically proven rectal adenocarcinoma or rectal adenoma with/without neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy * Total mesorectal excision needed * Age ≥ 18 years * Clinically normal function of the sphincter muscles (no history of frequent fecal incontinence for liquid or solid stools) * Any T, any N, any M or adenoma * An R0-resection is expected (liver metastases planned to be simultaneously * Written informed consent, signed and dated by the patient and the investigator * Completed baseline quality of life questionnaire Exclusion criteria: * Rectal tumor other than adenocarcinoma or adenoma * Previous rectal cancer surgery, other than local excision within the last 2 months * Histologically proven chronic inflammatory bowel disease * Contraindications to any of the 3 surgical techniques * BMI \> 35 * Patients with psychiatric, addictive or any disorder that would prohibit the understanding and giving of informed consent, completing the QL questionnaires and/or following the structured interview * Inability to read and understand any of the languages available on the QL questionnaires,and spoken during the interview (German, French, Italian)