The efficacy of interruption of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) on the progression of cystic disease and on the decline in renal function in autosomal dominant kidney disease (ADPKD) will be assessed in two multicenter randomized clinical trials targeting different levels of kidney function: 1) early disease defined by GFR \>60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (Study A); and 2) moderately advanced disease defined by GFR 25-60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (Study B; NCT01885559). Participants will be recruited and enrolled, either to Study A or B, over the first three years. Participants enrolled in Study A will be followed for at least 5 years, while those enrolled in Study B will be followed for five-to-eight years, with the average length of follow-up being six and a half years. The two concurrent randomized clinical trials differ by eligibility criteria, interventions and outcomes to be studied.
\* Specific Aims of Study A To study the efficacy of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I) and angiotensin-receptor blockade (ARB) combination therapy as compared to ACE-I monotherapy and usual vs. low blood pressure targets on the percent change in kidney volume in participants with preserved renal function (GFR \>60 mL/min/1.73m2)and high-normal blood pressure or hypertension (\>130/80 mm Hg). \* Hypotheses to be tested in Study A In ADPKD individuals with hypertension or high-normal blood pressure and relatively preserved renal function (GFR \>60 mL/min/1.73 m2), multi-level blockade of the RAAS using ACE-I/ARB combination therapy will delay progression of cystic disease as compared to ACE-I monotherapy, and a low blood pressure goal will delay progression as compared with standard control.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
558
Lisinopril titrated to 5mg, 10mg, 20mg, 40mg
Telmisartan/Placebo titrated to 40mg and 80mg, as tolerated by participants
Telmisartan/Placebo titrated to 40mg and 80mg, as tolerated by participants
Achieve standard blood pressure control of 120-130/70-80 mm Hg using step dosing specified in protocol of lisinopril, study drug, hydrochlorothiazide, metoprolol, or non-dihydropyridine and dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (diltiazem), clonidine, minoxidil, hydralazine at the discretion of the investigator
Achieve low blood pressure control of 95-110/60-75 mm Hg using step dosing specified in protocol of lisinopril, study drug, hydrochlorothiazide, metoprolol, or non-dihydropyridine and dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (diltiazem), clonidine, minoxidil, hydralazine at the discretion of the investigator
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center
Aurora, Colorado, United States
Emory University School of Medicine
Atlanta, Georgia, United States
University of Kansas Medical Center
Kansas City, Kansas, United States
Tufts University-New England Medical Center
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota, United States
Cleveland Clinic Foundation
Cleveland, Ohio, United States
Study A: Percent Annual Change in Total Kidney Volume
Annual percentage change in total kidney volume as assessed by abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at baseline, 2 years, 4 years, and 5 years follow-up.
Time frame: Baseline and 2-, 4- and 5-year follow-up
Kidney Function (eGFR)
The estimated GFR was calculated by means of the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation with the use of central serum creatinine measurements.
Time frame: Up to 96 months (6 month assessments)
Albuminuria
Urine albumin excretion, centrally processed from 24 hour urine collection
Time frame: Up to 96 months (assessed annually)
Aldosterone
Urinary aldosterone excretion, centrally processed, 24 hour urine collection
Time frame: Up to 96 months (assessed annually)
Left Ventricular Mass Index
Left ventricular mass index (g/m\^2) measured by MRI, centrally reviewed and measured
Time frame: 0, 24 months, 48 months, 60 months
Renal Blood Flow
renal blood flow (mL/min/1.73 m\^2) from MRI, centrally reviewed and measured. This outcome was more difficult to measure resulting in more missing data than other MRI outcomes such as total kidney volume (TKV) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI).
Time frame: 0, 24 months, 48 months, 60 months
All-Cause Hospitalizations
Time frame: Up to 96 months
Quality of Life Physical Component Summary
Short Form-36 Quality of Life Physical Component Summary ranges from 0 (worst possible outcome) to 100 (best possible outcome)
Time frame: baseline, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, and 96 months (assessed annually)
Quality of Life Mental Component Summary
Short Form-36 Quality of LIfe Mental Component Summary ranges from 0 (worst possible outcome) to 100 (best possible outcome)
Time frame: baseline, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, and 96 months (assessed annually)
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