Efficacy and Safety of Peginesatide (AF37702) in the Treatment of Anemia in Participants With Chronic Kidney Disease

Inclusion Criteria: * Participants who have confirmed antibody-mediated Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) are potentially eligible for enrollment into this study. * Participants must be ≥ 18 years old at the time of consent. * Erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESAs) must be discontinued for a minimum of 1 month prior to screening. * Participant requires periodic transfusions to maintain hemoglobin. * Hemoglobin \< 10 g/dL for at least 2 measurements or participant has received a transfusion within the past 4 weeks to achieve a hemoglobin \> 10 g/dL. * Confirmation that an anti-erythropoietin antibody sample was obtained for analysis by the central reference laboratory within 1 month prior to baseline. * Participants can either be participants with chronic kidney disease not yet requiring renal replacement therapy (participants not on dialysis), those on regular hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, or following a renal transplant. * Participants may or may not have previously been treated with immunosuppressive therapy. * Pre-menopausal females (with the exception of those who are surgically sterile) must have a negative pregnancy test at screening. * Written informed consent must be obtained. Exclusion Criteria: * Participants already successfully on another erythropoietic agent. * Abnormal bone marrow findings consistent with the diagnosis of myelodysplasia, a myeloproliferative disorder, hematologic malignancy or evidence of metastatic infiltration. * Poorly controlled hypertension. * Previous exposure to any investigational agent within 4 weeks prior to administration of study drug or planned receipt during the study period. * High likelihood of early withdrawal or interruption of the study. * Participants who refuse to give informed consent. * Women who are pregnant, lactating or not using a medically approved birth control. * Life expectancy \<12 months.