Eribulin Mesylate in Treating Patients With Metastatic Prostate Cancer That Did Not Respond to Hormone Therapy

Inclusion Criteria: * Histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate * Progressive metastatic disease or stable metastatic disease with rising PSA * Previously treated with bilateral orchiectomy or other primary hormonal therapy with evidence of treatment failure * Patients who have not undergone bilateral orchiectomy must continue luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)-agonist therapy (e.g., leuprolide or goserelin) or LHRH antagonist therapy (e.g. abarelix) while receiving study treatment * Patients who did not have an orchiectomy must have a testosterone level \< 50 ng/dL to confirm androgen suppression within the past 4 weeks * ECOG performance status 0-2 * Adequate bone marrow function * Bilirubin =\< 1.5 mg/dL * Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) =\< 2.5 times upper limit of normal * Creatinine =\< 2.0 mg/dL OR creatinine clearance \>= 40 mL/min * Fertile patients must use effective contraception * A taxane-based regimen, mitoxantrone, or other cytotoxic chemotherapy regimen allowed provided there is evidence of disease progression * At least 4 weeks since prior chemotherapy or radiotherapy * At least 4 weeks since prior flutamide (6 weeks for bicalutamide or nilutamide) and there is continued evidence of disease progression * Disease progression after antiandrogen withdrawal must be confirmed by rising PSA after the required 4-6 week washout period (e.g., PSA level higher than the last PSA obtained while on antiandrogen therapy) * More than 4 weeks since prior estrogen, estrogen-like agents (e.g., PC-SPES, saw palmetto, or other herbal products that may contain phytoestrogens), or any other hormonal therapy (including megestrol, finasteride, ketoconazole, or systemic corticosteroids) * Concurrent bisphosphonates (e.g., pamidronate sodium or zoledronate) allowed provided the patient has been receiving the bisphosphonate for \>= 4 weeks and there is evidence of disease progression Exclusion Criteria: * Active angina pectoris * Known New York Heart Association class III-IV heart disease * Myocardial infarction within the past 6 months * Evidence of ventricular dysrhythmias or other unstable arrhythmia (rate-controlled atrial fibrillation is allowed if the patient is asymptomatic from a cardiac standpoint) * Peripheral neuropathy \> grade 2 * Other prior malignancy (excluding nonmelanomatous skin cancer treated with curative intent) unless the malignancy was treated with curative intent and the patient has been disease free for \>= 5 years * Serious concurrent medical illness or active infection that would preclude study treatment - No concurrent strong inhibitors or inducers of CYP3A4 * More than 2 prior chemotherapy regimens for hormone-refractory disease - Other concurrent investigational agents * Other concurrent anticancer therapy, including chemotherapy, gene therapy, biologic therapy, or immunotherapy * Concurrent palliative radiotherapy * Concurrent estrogen, estrogen-like agents, or any other hormonal therapy * Carcinomatous meningitis or brain metastases * Prior strontium chloride Sr 89, samarium 153 lexidronam pentasodium, or other radioisotopes * Concurrent therapeutic anticoagulation with warfarin (Unfractionated heparin \[standard, low-dose, or adjusted dose\] or low molecular weight heparin allowed