Impact of Exercise Training Intensity on Abdominal Visceral Fat and Risk Factors Associated With the Metabolic Syndrome

Inclusion Criteria: * Volunteers must have meet the definition of the metabolic syndrome (based on IDF consensus statement). * Screening biochemical tests of liver, kidney, hematologic, metabolic (below) and thyroid function must be normal. * The volunteer must be willing to: 1. visit the outpatient GCRC or clinic once monthly for 16 weeks of intervention, 2. participate in supervised exercise training (if assigned) and 3. enter the inpatient GCRC for 2-3 days of more intensive studies at baseline and after 16 weeks of intervention. The subject must provide voluntary and fully informed written consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Type 1 diabetes, * drug or alcohol abuse, * psychosis, * severe or untreated depression, * dementia, polycythemia (hematocrit \> 55%), * clinically symptomatic coronary artery, * pulmonary or orthopedic disease (which would disallow exercise training), * history of vascular or peripheral nerve trauma, * lymph node dissection, * anemia, uncontrolled hypertension (\> 160/105 untreated or \> 145/95 treated), * allergic to octafluoropropane, or nitroglycerine, * weight loss or gain of 2 kg or more within the preceding 10 days, * investigational drug use within five biological half-lives, * treatment with ACE inhibitors or ARBs, thiazolindiones, * 1st or 2nd generation anti-psychotics insulin, or Viagra, * unwillingness to provide written informed voluntary consent, * pregnant, breast feeding or use hormonal birth control.