This study investigated whether initiation of everolimus together with reduction of calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) in maintenance heart or lung transplant patients with renal impairment would improve renal function.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
282
0.75-1.5 mg twice daily. At the week 1 visit and thereafter, the dose was adjusted to target blood concentration in the range 3-8 ng/mL.
In the standard CNI arm, all immunosuppressants including (MPA) and azathioprine (AZA) continued unchanged as per local practice.
Calcineurin inhibitors include cyclosporine, pimecrolimus, and tacrolimus.
Novartis Investigative Site
Aarhus, Denmark
Novartis Investigative Site
Copenhagen, Denmark
Novartis Investigative Site
Oslo, Norway
Novartis Investigative Site
Gothenburg, Sweden
Change in Measured Glomerular Filtration Rate (mGFR) From Baseline to Month 12
Renal function was assessed by determining the measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) using creatinine ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (Cr-EDTA) clearance or an equivalent method. A positive change score indicates improved renal function.
Time frame: Baseline to Month 12
Change in Measured Glomerular Filtration Rate (mGFR) From Baseline to End of Study (Month 24)
Renal function was assessed by determining the measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) using creatinine ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (Cr-EDTA) clearance or an equivalent method. A positive change score indicates improved renal function.
Time frame: Baseline to end of study (Month 24)
Change in Serum Creatinine From Baseline to End of Study (Month 24)
Renal function was assessed by determining serum creatinine using standard laboratory methods. A positive change score indicates improved renal function.
Time frame: Baseline to end of study (Month 24)
Number of Patients With Biopsy-proven Acute Rejection From Month 12 to End of Study (Month 24)
Biopsy-proved acute rejection was defined as a treated acute rejection confirmed by biopsy, graded locally according to the International Society for Heart \& Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) criteria. A treated acute rejection was defined as an acute rejection clinically suspected, whether biopsy-proven or not, which had been treated and confirmed by the investigator according to the response to therapy.
Time frame: Month 12 to end of study (Month 24)
Number of Patients Who Died and Number of Patients With Graft Loss From Month 12 to End of Study (Month 24)
Number of patients not alive and number of patients with loss of their graft.
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Steroid treatment was according to local practice. If steroids were given, the baseline dose of prednisone or equivalent was to be kept unchanged for all treatment groups for the total study duration, unless a medical condition dictated a change.
Novartis Investigative Site
Linköping, Sweden
Novartis Investigative Site
Lund, Sweden
Time frame: Month 12 to end of study (Month 24)
Number of Patients in Need of Dialysis From Month 12 to End of Study (Month 24)
Time frame: Month 12 to end of study (Month 24)
Change in Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1) From Baseline to End of Study (Month 24) in the Lung Transplant Subgroup
Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) was measured by spirometry conducted according to internationally accepted standards. FEV1 is the volume delivered in the first second of a forced vital capacity (FVC) maneuver. A positive change score indicates improved lung function.
Time frame: Baseline to end of study (Month 24)
Change in Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) From Baseline to End of Study (Month 24) in the Lung Transplant Subgroup
Forced vital capacity (FVC) was measured by spirometry conducted according to internationally accepted standards. FVC is the volume delivered during an expiration made as forcefully and completely as possible starting from full inspiration. A positive change score indicates improved lung function.
Time frame: Baseline to end of study (Month 24)
Change in Left Ventricular Function (Diameter and Thickness Parameters) From Baseline to End of Study (Month 24) in the Heart Transplant Subgroup
Left ventricular function was assessed by echocardiography which was performed according to local routine practice. Echocardiography parameters were left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD), interventricular septal wall thickness (IVSTd), and posterior wall thickness (PWTd). A positive change score indicates improved left ventricular function.
Time frame: Baseline to end of study (Month 24)
Change in Left Ventricular Function (Filling and Ejection Fraction Parameters) From Baseline to End of Study (Month 24) in the Heart Transplant Subgroup
Left ventricular function was assessed by echocardiography which was performed according to local routine practice. Echocardiography parameters were filling fraction (FF) and ejection fraction (EF). A positive change score indicates improved left ventricular function.
Time frame: Baseline to end of study (Month 24)
Mean Days of Hospitalization From Baseline to End of Study (Month 24)
Time frame: Baseline to end of study (Month 24)
Number of Patients Discontinued From the Study Due to Adverse Events From Month 12 to End of Study (Month 24)
Time frame: Month 12 to end of study (Month 24)