RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Monoclonal antibodies, such as cetuximab, can block tumor growth in different ways. Some block the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Others find tumor cells and help kill them or carry tumor-killing substances to them. Giving more than one chemotherapy drug (combination chemotherapy) together with cetuximab may kill more tumor cells. PURPOSE: This randomized phase II trial is studying three different combination chemotherapy regimens to compare how well they work when given together with cetuximab in treating patients with metastatic esophageal cancer or gastroesophageal junction cancer.
OUTLINE: This is a randomized, multicenter study. Patients are stratified according to histology (squamous cell carcinoma vs adenocarcinoma) and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (0 or 1 vs 2). Patients are randomized to 1 of 3 treatment arms. For more information please see the "Arms" section which includes a detailed description of the treatment regimens. The primary objective of the study is evaluate the tumor response rate (RR) for each of the regimens in this trial and to select the most promising regimen based on RR for further testing in patients with metastatic esophageal or GE junction adenocarcinoma. The secondary objectives are: 1. To evaluate overall survival (OS) for each of the regimens in this trial in patients with metastatic esophageal or GE junction adenocarcinoma. 2. To evaluate progression-free survival (PFS) for each of the regimens in this trial in patients with metastatic esophageal or GE junction adenocarcinoma. 3. To evaluate time to treatment failure (TTF) for each of the regimens in this trial in patients with metastatic esophageal or GE junction adenocarcinoma. 4. To determine the type and severity of toxicities associated with each of these regimens in the multi-institutional phase II setting. 5. Quantitative immunohistochemistry results will be correlated with objective response rate, overall survival and time to progression. 6. To evaluate the cellular damage (apoptosis) as a result of oxaliplatin. 7. To determine if germline EGFR variants correlate with skin rash in patients treated with cetuximab. 8. To evaluate if a correlation exists between germline EGFR variants and tumor EFGR expression as measured by immunohistochemistry. All subjects must be premedicated with diphenhydramine hydrochloride 50 mg IV (or a similar agent) prior to the first dose of cetuximab in an effort to minimize infusion and hypersensitivity reactions. Premedication is recommended prior to subsequent doses, but the dose of diphenhydramine (or similar agent) may be reduced at the investigator's discretion. More information is detailed in the protocol including a description of the premedication requirements. Patients were closely monitored for treatment-related adverse events. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed periodically for up to 2 years.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
245
Norwalk Hospital
Norwalk, Connecticut, United States
Tunnell Cancer Center at Beebe Medical Center
Lewes, Delaware, United States
CCOP - Christiana Care Health Services
Newark, Delaware, United States
Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center at Georgetown University Medical Center
Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States
Rush-Copley Cancer Care Center
Aurora, Illinois, United States
Response Rate (Complete and Partial) in Patients With Measurable Esophageal or GE Junction Adenocarcinoma
Response was defined using Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria: Complete Response (CR): disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR) 30% decrease in sum of longest diameter of target lesions; Progressive Disease (PD): 20% increase in sum of longest diameter of target lesions; Stable Disease (SD): small changes that do not meet above criteria. Overall tumor response is the total number of CR and PRs in participants with adenocarcinoma who have received at least one cycle of therapy.
Time frame: Up to 2 years post-treatment
Tumor Response Rate (Complete and Partial) in Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Response was defined using Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria: Complete Response (CR): disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR) 30% decrease in sum of longest diameter of target lesions; Progressive Disease (PD): 20% increase in sum of longest diameter of target lesions; Stable Disease (SD): small changes that do not meet above criteria. Overall tumor response is the total number of CR and PRs in participants with squamous cell carcinoma who have received at least one cycle of therapy.
Time frame: Up to 2 years post-treatment
Overall Survival in Patients With Adenocarcinoma
Overall survival (OS) was defined as the time from study entry to death of any cause. The median OS with 95% CI was estimated using the Kaplan Meier method.
Time frame: Up to 2 years post-treatment
Progression-free Survival in Patients With Adenocarcinoma
Progression free survival (PFS) was defined as the time from study entry to progression or death of any cause. The median PFS with 95% CI was estimated using the Kaplan Meier method.
Time frame: Up to 2 years post-treatment
Time to Treatment Failure in Patients With Adenocarcinoma
Time to treatment failure (TTF) was measured from study entry until documented progression, death resulting from any cause, or end of protocol therapy because of unacceptable toxicity. The median TTF with 95% CI was estimated using the Kaplan Meier method.
Time frame: Up to 2 years post-treatment
This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.
St. Joseph Medical Center
Bloomington, Illinois, United States
Graham Hospital
Canton, Illinois, United States
Memorial Hospital
Carthage, Illinois, United States
University of Chicago Cancer Research Center
Chicago, Illinois, United States
Decatur Memorial Hospital Cancer Care Institute
Decatur, Illinois, United States
...and 217 more locations