Short-Course Isoniazid and Rifampin Compared With Isoniazid for Latent Tuberculosis Infection

Overview

The objective of the study was to compare the compliance and the side effects of a short course to treatment of latent tuberculosis infection during 3 months(isoniazid plus rifampin)group I, with the standard course for 6 months(isoniazid)group II .Prospective, comparative, randomized and open trial of patients with positive TST and the suitable criteria for treatment, in accordance with the guidelines of the CDC, excluding HIV infection. 105 patients were included. In Conclusion, a short course with isoniazid plus rifampin during 3 months shown better compliance with a lower percentage of abandonment that the course 6H. Tolerance is similar in the two courses.

Introduction: The objective of the study was to compare the compliance and the side effects of a short course to treatment of latent tuberculosis infection during 3 months with the standard course for 6 months. Methods: Prospective, comparative, randomized and open trial of patients with positive TST and the suitable criteria for treatment, in accordance with the guidelines of the CDC, excluding HIV infection. the group I was assigned to isoniazid (H) at a dose of 300 mg per day for 6 months and the group II was assigned to isoniazid at a dose of 300 mg per day plus rifampin (R) (600 mg per day) for 3 months. The patients were followed for five years. Results: 105 patients were included, of which 9 refused the treatment; 45 patients were included in the group I and 51 patients in the group II. Both groups were comparable at base level. The hepatotoxicity was 44% in the group 6H and 29% in the group 3HR (p = 0,07). The hepatotoxicity was severe in 6.7% in the group 6H and 5.8% in the group 3HR; these obliged the suspension of treatment in 4.4% and 1.9%, respectively (p =NS). The proportion of patients who completed the study treatment was 75.6% of the patients in the group 6H, and 90.2% in the group 3HR (p = 0,05). Only a case of tuberculosis was detected in the second month treatment with 6H. Conclusion: In the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection, a short course with isoniazid plus rifampin during 3 months shown better compliance with a lower percentage of abandonment that the course 6H. Tolerance is similar in the two courses.