The purpose of the study is to assess the safety of injections of talimogene laherparepvec into patients with pancreatic cancer that cannot be removed by surgery. The study will also test whether the injections are effective in treating the tumor.
Talimogene laherparepvec is a conditionally replication competent herpes simplex type-1 virus designed for use in solid tumors. It has been specifically modified to replicate in tumors and to provide a local source of the immune-stimulating cytokine, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). It is injected directly into cancer tumors and is believed to destroy tumor cells by direct infection of the tumor cells and an enhanced immune response due to the release of tumor antigens and GM-CSF expression. This was an open-label, dose-escalation study evaluating the safety and efficacy of talimogene laherparepvec administered by direct injection into pancreatic tumors using endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine needle injection (FNI). Only 1 tumor mass within the body and tail of the pancreas was injected in any participant. The protocol called for evaluation of 4 dosing regimens in sequential cohorts of participants; however, cohort 4 was not opened for enrollment.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
17
Talimogene laherparepvec administered by direct injection into pancreatic tumors using EUS-guided FNI, up to a maximum of 4 mL per treatment.
UCI Medical Center
Orange, California, United States
California Pacific Medical Center
San Francisco, California, United States
Mary Crowely Medical Research Center
Dallas, Texas, United States
Number of Participants With Adverse Events
A serious adverse event is defined as any untoward medical occurrence that at any dose results in death, is life threatening, requires hospitalization or prolongation of an existing hospitalization, results in persistent or significant disability or incapacity, is a congenital anomaly or birth defect, is an important and significant medical event that, based upon appropriate medical judgment, may jeopardize the participant or may require medical or surgical intervention to prevent one of the other outcomes listed above.
Time frame: From first dose of talimogene laherparepvec until 30 days after the last dose; the median duration of treatment was 44.0 days, 22.0 days, and 11.5 days in each group respectively.
Number of Participants With Talimogene Laherparepvec Detected in Blood and Urine
Samples of blood and urine collected before and up to 24 hours after dosing were tested for the presence of talimogene laherparepvec deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) using a validated quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay.
Time frame: Treatment Day 1 predose and 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours postdose, and Week 3 and 6 at (predose and 2 hours postdose.
Number of Participants Positive for Anti-herpes Simplex Virus-1 (HSV-1) Antibodies
Anti-HSV-1 antibodies were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Time frame: Week 0 (Day 1, predose) and Week 3
Change From Baseline in Sum of Longest Diameters of Injected Tumors
Spiral computed tomography (CT) scans were performed to assess tumors at screening and at Weeks 6, 12 and 18 after the initial dose.
Time frame: Baseline and Week 6, 12 and 18
Number of Participants With Overall Objective Response
Tumor response was assessed via CT scan by the investigator using Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.0 guidelines. Objective response is defined as a complete response (CR) or partial response (PR). CR: Disappearance of all target and non-target lesions, normalization of tumor marker level and no new lesions and with confirmation no less than 4 weeks after the criteria for CR is first met. PR: At least a 30% decrease in the sum of longest diameters of target lesions taking as reference the baseline sum of the longest diameters, absence of non-target lesion progression, and no new lesions. These criteria must be confirmed no less than 4 weeks after they are first met.
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Time frame: Every 6 weeks until 12 weeks after the last dose; the median duration of treatment was 44.0 days, 22.0 days, and 11.5 days in each group respectively.
Change From Baseline in Pain Intensity
Pain was assessed by the participant using a validated Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain assessment instrument. A single 10-cm line was used with the leftmost end (0 cm) representing "no pain" and the rightmost end (10 cm) representing "worst pain". The distance was measured from the leftmost part of the scale to the mark made by the participant indicating pain level.
Time frame: Baseline and Weeks 3 and 6