This trial will be conducted to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of sunitinib (sunitinib-malate) as a second-line palliative therapy in metastatic gastric cancer. Despite the efforts in front-line therapy, second-line protocols have not yet been established in randomized clinical trials for those patients. Although many patients are still in good performance status and present with low tumor burden after failure of first-line chemotherapy, they may clearly benefit from second-line treatment. Increasingly more metachronic metastatic patients are urging for new platinum-free therapeutic options due to the fast-growing use of (neo-) adjuvant platin-based protocols. So far, only sparse data on chemotherapy are available after failure of platin-based protocols. Nearly only irinotecan-containing combinations have properly been analyzed, and produced excellent response rates and survival times of up to 30% and 7.6 months, respectively. However, irinotecan has not been approved yet for this indication. In addition, as irinotecan-containing regimens have been submitted for approval for first-line therapy, second-line regimens in irinotecan-refractory patients have not been evaluated in any trial. Thus, there is an urgent need to establish new second-line treatment options for both, cisplatinum- or irinotecan-combination refractory patients with advanced or metastatic gastric cancer. Sunitinib inhibits the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) involved in tumor proliferation and angiogenesis, specifically the VEGFR, PDGFR, KIT, FLT-3, and RET. The VEGF pathway has been shown to be a significant factor in metastatic gastric cancer. In gastric carcinoma cells, VEGF ligands and its receptors are definitely involved in the process of tumor progression. KDR and FLT-1 are expressed widely and VEGF stimulated KDR-positive tumor cell growth directly. The ligand VEGF-C has also been shown to be involved in progression of human gastric carcinoma, particularly via lymphangiogenesis. In addition, peritoneal metastases of some cancers such as gastric cancers were largely dependent on VEGF. Therefore, patients with chemo-refractory metastatic gastric cancer might benefit from VEGFR inhibitory therapy with sunitinib.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
52
Capsules of 50, 25 or 12,5 mg. Dosage 50 mg, 37.5 mg or 25 mg once daily until progression of disease or untolerable side effects
Universität Heidelberg, Nationales Zentrum für Tumorerkrankungen
Heidelberg, Baden-Würtemberg, Germany
Universitätsklinikum Tübingen
Tübingen, Baden-Würtemberg, Germany
TU München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, II. Med. Klinik und Poliklinik
München, Bavaria, Germany
Klinikum der Universität Würzburg
Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
Universitätsklinik zu Köln, Klinik I für Innere Medizin
Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
Universitätsklinikum der GHS Essen, Innere Klinik und Poliklinik, Tumorforschung
Essen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
Klinikum der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
Mainz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes
Homburg/Saar, Saarland, Germany
Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Med. Klinik I
Dresden, Saxony, Germany
Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
...and 2 more locations
Objective Response Rate (ORR)
The primary endpoint is the ORR within the first 6 treatment cycles, defined as the percentage of participants with a confirmed reduction in tumor size fulfilling the criteria for complete or partial response (CR or PR) according to RECIST. CR=disappearance of all target lesions, PR=30% decrease in the sum of the longest dimensions of the target lesions taking as a reference the baseline sum longest dimensions
Time frame: one year
Progression-Free Survival (PFS)
PFS is defined as the time from first dose of trial medication to first documentation of objective tumor progression or to death due to any cause, whichever occurs first.
Time frame: one year
Overall Survival (OS)
OS is defined as the time from the first dose of trial medication to date of death due to any cause.
Time frame: one year
One-Year Survival
One-year survival is defined as the percentage of participants surviving for at least one year after first dose of trial medication.
Time frame: one year
Adverse Events
The number of participants with at least one adverse event was measured.
Time frame: one year
Safety and Tolerability: Serious Adverse Events
The number of participants with at least one Serious Adverse Event was measured.
Time frame: one year
Safety and Tolerability: Adverse Events in ≥10% of Patients
Time frame: one year
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