A Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Study of MabThera (Rituximab) Plus Methotrexate in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

Change From Baseline in Levels of Key Cytokines in (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10) in Synovial Tissues

The change in levels of key cytokines in (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10) in synovial tissues at Weeks 12, 24, and 36, relative to baseline.

Time frame: Weeks 12, 24, and 36

Change From Baseline in Myelocytomatosis Oncogene (C-myc) and BCL2-associated X Protein (BAX) in Peripheral Blood

The change in ribonucleic acid (RNA) expression of markers of apoptosis (C-myc and BAX) in peripheral blood at Days 15 and 183, relative to baseline.

Time frame: Days 15 and 183

Percentage of Participants Achieving American College of Rheumatology 20 Percent (20%) 50%, and 70% (ACR20/50/70) Response

ACR20/50/70 response is greater than or equal to (≥) 20%, 50%, or 70% improvement, respectively, in tender joint count (TJC) and swollen joint count (SJC); and improvement in at least 3 of 5 remaining ACR core measures: patient assessment of pain; patient global assessment of disease activity; physician global assessment of disease activity; self-assessed disability (disability index of the Health Assessment Questionnaire \[HAQ\]); and C-Reactive Protein (CRP).

Time frame: Week 48

Change From Baseline in Disease Activity Score Based on 28 Joint Count (DAS28) Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) Score

The change in DAS28-ESR at Weeks 12, 24, 36, and 48, relative to baseline. DAS28-ESR was calculated from SJC and TJC using 28-joint count, ESR (millimeters per hour \[mm/hour\]) and patient global assessment of disease activity (participant-rated arthritis activity assessment). Total score range: 0-9.4, higher score equals (=) more disease activity. DAS28-ESR less than or equal to (≤) 3.2 implied low disease activity and greater than (\>)3.2 to 5.1 implied moderate to high disease activity, and DAS28-ESR \<2.6 = remission.

Time frame: Weeks 12, 24, 36, and 48

Percentage of Participants Achieving Response by European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) Category

The DAS28-based EULAR response criteria were used to measure individual response as none, good, and moderate, depending on the extent of change from baseline and the level of disease activity reached. Good responders: change from baseline \>1.2 with DAS28 ≤ 3.2; moderate responders: change from baseline \>1.2 with DAS28 \>3.2 to ≤ 5.1 or change from baseline \>0.6 to ≤ 1.2 with DAS28 ≤ 5.1; non-responders: change from baseline ≤ 0.6 or change from baseline \>0.6 and ≤ 1.2 with DAS28 \>5.1.

Time frame: Weeks 24, 36, and 48

Change From Baseline in ACR Core Set

The changes from baseline in the ACR core set parameters at Week 48. Change from baseline to Week 48 over time in ACR core set: SJC, TJC, physician's global assessment of disease activity, patient's global assessment of disease activity, patient's assessment of pain, HAQ, ESR, and CRP. ACR20/50/70 response: ≥20%/50%/70% improvement in SJC; ≥20%/50%/70% improvement in TJC; and ≥20%/50%/70% improvement in at least 3 of 5 remaining ACR core measures: participant assessment of pain; physician's global assessment of disease activity, participant's assessment of disease activity, participant assessment of functional disability via a HAQ, and CRP at each visit.

Time frame: Week 48

Change From Baseline in Modified Total Sharp Score (mTSS)

mTSS = sum of erosion and Joint Space Narrowing (JSN) scores for 44 joints (16 per hand and 6 per foot). mTSS scores ranged from 0 (normal) to 448 (worst possible total score). Change: scores at observation minus score at baseline. An increase in mTSS from baseline. An increase in mTSS from baseline represented disease progression and/or joint worsening, no change represented halting of disease progression, and a decrease represented improvement.

Time frame: Weeks 24 and 48

Change From Baseline in Erosion Score

Changes from baseline in modified Sharp radiographic erosion score from baseline to Weeks 24 and 48. The change in score at week X (where X=Week 24 or Week 48, as appropriate) calculated as: Change = week X score minus screening score.

Time frame: Weeks 24 and 48

Change From Baseline in Joint Space Narrowing (JSN) Score

Changes from baseline in modified Sharp radiographic JSN score from baseline to Weeks 24 and 48. The change in score at week X (where X=Week 24 or Week 48, as appropriate) calculated as: Change = week X score minus screening score.

Time frame: Weeks 24 and 48