To determine, in subjects with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: 1. Whether glycemic control can be achieved at least as effectively with an insulin regimen involving pre-meal inhaled insulin plus a single bedtime Ultralente injection as with a conventional subcutaneous insulin regimen involving 2-3 mixed Regular/NPH insulin injections per day. 2. The toleration and safety of inhaled insulin therapy and its effects after 6 months, if any, on measures of pulmonary function.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
320
Primary outcome is 24 week change in baseline in HbA1c
The secondary endpoints include the following efficacy assessments:
Incidence of hypoglycemia
Proportion of subjects with acceptable glycemic control (e.g., HbA1c<8%)
Change from baseline in fasting lipid profile
Change from baseline in fasting plasma glucose level
Change from baseline in meal glucose response (2-hour postprandial increment in plasma glucose)
Dose of insulin (total dose of injected sustained-duration insulin, and total dose of inhaled or injected Regular insulin during the study).
Change from baseline in body weight
Change from baseline in 24-hour home glucose profile (based on the area under the glucose profile curve calculated by the trapezoid rule with special weights assigned to the pre-breakfast and bedtime assessments).
Patient satisfaction and preference.
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