RATIONALE: High-dose cyclophosphamide may be an effective treatment for acute graft-versus-host disease that did not respond to steroid therapy. PURPOSE: This phase II trial is studying the side effects, best dose, and how well high-dose cyclophosphamide works in treating patients with acute graft-versus-host disease that did not respond to steroid therapy.
OBJECTIVES: * Determine the maximum tolerated dose of high-dose cyclophosphamide in patients with steroid refractory acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). * Determine the efficacy of this regimen at 28 days post-treatment in these patients. OUTLINE: This is a dose-escalation study. Patients receive high-dose cyclophosphamide once daily for 1-4 days beginning on day 1 and filgrastim (G-CSF) subcutaneously once daily beginning on day 10 and continuing until blood counts recover. Cohorts of 3-6 patients receive escalating doses of high-dose cyclophosphamide until the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is determined. The MTD is defined as the dose preceding that at which 2 of 3 or 2 of 6 patients experience dose-limiting toxicity. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed weekly for 4 weeks.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
12
Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins
Baltimore, Maryland, United States
Maximum Tolerated Dose of High-dose Cyclophosphamide as Determined by Number of Participants Who Tolerated Each Dose of Cyclophosphamide
Time frame: Day 28
GVHD Response Rate
Percentage of patients whose GVHD (as defined by Przepiorka criteria) responded to cyclophosphamide (complete response). Acute GVHD is defined by the Przepiorka criteria, which stages the degree of organ involvement in the skin, liver, and gastrointestinal (GI) tract, based on severity, with Stage 1+ being least severe and stage 4+ being the most severe. Grading of acute GVHD is as follows: Grade I (skin involvement stages 1+ to 2+, with no liver or GI involvement), Grade II (skin involvement stages 1+ to 3+, liver 1+, GI tract 1+), Grade III (skin involvement stages 2+ to 3+, liver 1+, GI tract 2+ to 4+), Grade IV (skin involvement stages 4+, Liver 4+).
Time frame: Day 28
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