Pilot Study on MD05 in Comparison With Open Flap Debridement in Patients Undergoing Periodontal Surgery

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients requiring extraction of teeth with advanced intrabony periodontal defects at single rooted teeth without root concavities/furrows located in the maxilla and mandible (maxillary/mandibular premolars, maxillary incisors; presurgery probing depth ≥ 6 mm, intrasurgery defect depth ≥ 4 mm) or located the mesial or distal aspect of mandibular molar teeth without adjacent teeth (excluding defects also involving the furcation area). * Teeth to be treated must be scheduled for extraction in a treatment plan established by clinicians unrelated to the study. * Male and female patients, aged 18 - 75 years * Patients must be non-smokers * Female patients must be infertile (either sterilized or postmenopausal). If a patient's menopausal status at screening is uncertain, levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) should be determined. Patients with an FSH level \> 25 IU/l and absence of menstrual bleeding \> 6 months will satisfy the definition of postmenopausal status. * Patient must provide written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Women of childbearing potential, pregnant or lactating women * Participation in another clinical study within 30 days prior to study start * Previous participation in this study * Legal incompetence or restricted legal competence * Alcoholism, drug dependency, smoking * Acute or chronic infection at the application site * Known infection with HIV, HBV, or HCV * Severe allergic rhinitis which requires permanent medication * Known intolerance of or hypersensitivity to ß-TCP or rhGDF?5 * Presence of local or systemic malignant disease or history of local or systemic malignant disease in the past 5 years. * Patients requiring chemo- or radiotherapy * Previous or current radiotherapy of the head * Chronic liver disorder (AST and/or ALT over 2 times upper limit of normal) * Impaired renal function (creatinine over 1.5 times upper limit of normal) * Uncontrolled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (HbA1c \> 7%) * Clinically relevant symptoms of thyroid dysfunction * Severe hypertension (RRdiast \> 110 mmHg) * Clinically relevant cardiovascular disease e.g., decompensated cardiac insufficiency, hemodynamically relevant heart valve defects, or myocardial infarction during the last three months * Systemic bone disease or illness having influence in bone metabolism (e.g. Osteogenesis imperfecta, Paget's disease, Ehlers-Danlos disease, osteomalacia, renal osteodystrophia, hyperparathyroidism) * Clinically relevant blood coagulation disorder * Leukopenia \< 3.500 leukocytes/µL * Previous (within last 2 months before screening visit) or current treatment with systemic corticosteroids of more than 5 mg/day prednisone equivalent * Previous or current therapy with drugs having any influence on bone metabolism such as calcitonin or parathormone (as teriparatid) within the last 6 months before screening visit, bisphosphonates or fluoride at least for 30 days within the last 12 months before screening visit * Previous (within last 2 months before screening visit) or current treatment with immunosuppressant