Mechanical Ventilation Controlled by the Electrical Activity of the Patient's Diaphragm - Effects of Changes in Ventilator Parameters on Breathing Pattern

Inclusion Criteria: * Invasive mechanical ventilation (tracheally intubated or tracheotomized) * Presence of an arterial pressure line. * Subject itself or its next of kin has given written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Patient is less than 18 years or more than 85 years of age * The attending physician refuses to allow enrollment * The patient refuses informed consent * Next of kin is unavailable or refuses informed consent * Pregnant or breast-feeding female. A pregnancy test will be performed in all female patients less than 60 years of age. * Any contraindication to insertion/exchange a nasogastric tube, including (but not limited to): severe oropharyngeal malformation or bleeding; esophageal varices, tumor, infection, stenosis, or rupture * Presence or suspicion of diaphragm injury * Hemophilia or other severe bleeding disorder * Presence or suspicion of a central nervous system (CNS) disorder, including (but not limited to): CNS infarction, bleeding, tumor, or infection * History of heart and/or lung transplantation * Any mechanical cardiac assist device (excluding intraaortic balloon pump) * Any contraindication to reduce sedation or to stop neuromuscular blockage in order to allow spontaneous breathing * The patient needs to be ventilated with a mode of mechanical ventilation that targets a predefined tidal volume or airway pressure as per attending physician * Severe hemodynamic instability as per attending physician * Planned or anticipated intervention within the study period necessitating either transfer out of the ICU or requiring prolonged interaction with the patient. * A fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of \> 0.8 * The patient currently participates in another interventional clinical trial