The main goal of this study is to estimate the tumor response rate of temozolomide administered in combination with peginterferon alfa-2b to pediatric patients with unresectable Stage III, metastatic, or recurrent cutaneous melanoma.
This study is for children with malignant melanoma and high risk features (at high risk of melanoma returning or spreading to other parts of the body) or who have recurrent disease. The study has two treatment groups based on the stage of the disease. Patients with stage IIC, IIIA or IIIB melanoma whose tumors have been removed by surgery will be treated in study group A. These patients will receive 4 weeks of high dose interferon alfa-2b followed by 48 weeks of peginterferon. Patients with stage IIIC or IV melanoma, stage III melanoma that could not be removed by surgery and those with recurrent disease will be treated in study group B. These patients will receive peginterferon alfa-2b and temozolomide. Stratum A: Resected Stages IIC, IIIA, and IIIB patients Induction therapy (weeks 1-4): Subjects will receive recombinant interferon alfa-2b 20 million units/m2 per day intravenously over 20-30 minutes on 5 consecutive days per week for 4 weeks. Subjects will receive peginterferon alfa-2b 1 mcg/kg/week subcutaneously for a total of 48 weeks. Stratum B: Resected Stage IIIC, unresectable Stage III, Stage IV, and recurrent patients Stratum B is divided into 2 groups based on the presence (Stratum B1) or absence (Stratum B2) of measurable disease. Subjects will receive 8 weekly doses of peginterferon alfa-2b 0.5 mcg/kg/dose subcutaneously in combination with temozolomide 75mg/m2/dose by mouth daily for 6 weeks followed by 2 week break. The duration of each treatment course will be 8 weeks. Strata B2 (no measurable disease) will proceed with 7 courses as outlined. Surgery interventions -Associated with both Strata A and B Surgery description: All subjects with initial presentation of melanoma (T1-4) will be treated with primary wide local excision with a minimum of 1cm margin (if anatomically feasible) surrounding the primary lesion or biopsy scar. For lesions with Breslow's thickness of \> 1mm or \<or= with ulceration or Clark's level IV/V, a 2 cm margin is preferred when anatomically feasible. Subjects with sentinel lymph node(s) positive for disease, will undergo complete lymph node dissection of the involved nodal basin. Additional objectives include: * To assess the safety of temozolomide administered in combination with peginterferon α-2b to pediatric patients with resected AJCC Stage IIIC, unresectable Stage III, metastatic, or recurrent cutaneous melanoma (Stratum B). * To study the feasibility and safety of administering peginterferon α-2b weekly for 48 weeks following an initial induction phase with intravenous high dose interferon α-2b for 4 weeks to pediatric patients with resected thick melanomas (\> 4mm) with ulcerations (AJCC Stage IIC) and resected melanomas with regional lymph node metastases (AJCC Stage IIIA and IIIB) (Stratum A).
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
29
Given either IV or SQ. Therapeutic drug class: interferon.
Given PO. Therapeutic drug class: antineoplastic agent.
Given IV. Therapeutic drug classes: antineoplastic agent, immunomodulatory agent, interferon
Rady Children's Hospital
San Diego, California, United States
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
Memphis, Tennessee, United States
The Children's Cancer Hospital at UT M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
Houston, Texas, United States
Tumor Response Rate
Tumor response rate of stratum B1 participants was evaluated after 1 treatment course of temozolomide plus peginterferon ɑ-2b. Complete response (CR) and partial response (PR) confirmed with repeated scan at least 4 weeks apart following completion of course 1 therapy. CR defined as disappearance of all target and non-target lesions with no new lesions detected. If available, no disease must be detected by immunocytology or serum tumor markers. PR defined as at least 30% decrease in disease measurement compared to disease measurement at study entry with no new lesions detected. Progressive disease (PD) defined as at least 20% increase in the disease measurement compared to the smallest disease measurement recorded since start of treatment, or appearance of one or more new lesions. Stable disease defined as neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR nor sufficient increase to qualify for PD compared to smallest disease measurement since start of treatment.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Number of Patients Who Experience Toxicity at or Above the Target Toxicity for Strata B1 and B2
The objective was to assess the safety of temozolomide administered in combination with peginterferon a-2b in Stratum B participants. Accrual was suspended any time during therapy if 2 or more of 6, 4 or more of 12, 6 or more of 18, 8 or more of 24, 10 or more of 30 participants experienced target toxicity defined as: * Grade 4 non-hematologic (non-hem) toxicity that does not resolve to ≤grade 1 within 2 weeks from the time next dose is due and is determined to be probably or definitely related to protocol therapy * Grade 4 non-hem toxicity that is NOT constitutional symptoms (fever, chills, fatigue and/or pain) * Grade 3 elevations in creatinine or BUN that are determined to be probably or definitely related to protocol therapy * Grade 4 cardiopulmonary toxicity that is determined to be probably or definitely related to protocol therapy * Grade 4 mood alteration (suicidal ideation; danger to self or others)
Time frame: 52 weeks
Number of Patients Who Experience Toxicity at or Above the Target Toxicity for Stratum A Patients
The objective was to study the feasibility and safety of administering peginterferon a-2b weekly for 48 weeks following the initial induction phase to Stratum A participants. Accrual was suspended during the 48-week course if 2 or more of 6, 4 or more of 12, 6 or more of 18, 8 or more of 24, 10 or more of 30 participants experienced target toxicity defined as: * Grade 4 non-hematologic (non-hem) toxicity that does not resolve to ≤grade 1 within 2 weeks from the time next dose is due and is determined to be probably or definitely related to protocol therapy * Grade 4 non-hem toxicity that is NOT constitutional symptoms (fever, chills, fatigue and/or pain) * Grade 3 elevations in creatinine or BUN that are determined to be probably or definitely related to protocol therapy * Grade 4 cardiopulmonary toxicity that is determined to be probably or definitely related to protocol therapy * Grade 4 mood alteration (suicidal ideation; danger to self or others)
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Time frame: 52 weeks
Probability of Event-free Survival (EFS) of Stratum A Participants
The probability of EFS was estimated as time to first event (relapse, death or second malignancy). As of April 2016, 21 out of 23 participants had no events. The EFS rate was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method.
Time frame: 3 years from diagnosis