Epilepsy Phenome/Genome Project

Inclusion Criteria: * Current age from 4 weeks to 60 years. * Clear diagnosis of epilepsy, i.e., a lifetime history of two or more unprovoked seizures. * Age at first unprovoked seizure younger than 40 years. * High quality clinical and laboratory data (i.e., neuroimaging, EEG) must be available throughout the patient's history * All patients with localization-related epilepsy (LRE) or idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) must have a first-degree relative (parent, child, or sibling) with non-symptomatic (idiopathic or cryptogenic) epilepsy who is willing and available to participate. * All patients with infantile spasms (IS), Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS), or malformations of cortical development (MCD) must have both biological parents available and willing to participate. Exclusion Criteria: * Clinical and laboratory data do not allow a clear determination of whether the patient has epilepsy, or whether the diagnosis is LRE, IGE, IS, LGS, or MCD. * Exclusively febrile seizures or other acute symptomatic seizures. * Identified antecedent cause of epilepsy (i.e., a structural or metabolic insult to the CNS prior to the first unprovoked seizure, such as stroke, brain tumor, severe head trauma, etc., or a progressive neurodegenerative disorder). * Recognized genetic syndrome (e.g., tuberous sclerosis, neurofibromatosis, Rett's or Angelman's syndromes) or chromosomal abnormality. (e.g., aneuploidies, unbalanced translocations, or chromosomal deletions and duplications detectable by conventional medical karyotyping).