Neurofunctional and Neurochemical Markers of Treatment Response in Bipolar Disorder

Inclusion Criteria- bipolar patients (Manic=, depressed=60; 30 patients/year): 1. The patient meets DSM-IV criteria for type I bipolar disorder, manic or mixed, or depressed. 2. The patient has an index Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS)total score \>15 or Montgomery Asberg Rating Scale (MADRS) total score \>20. 3. The patient is between 15 and 55 years old. Inclusion Criteria- Healthy subjects (N=40): 1. Healthy subjects will be between the ages of 15 and 55 years. 2. Healthy subjects will have no history of any Axis I psychiatric disorder. 3. Healthy subjects will have no first-degree relatives with affective or psychotic disorders. Exclusion criteria: All subjects will be excluded from participation for the following reasons. 1. Any medical or neurological disorder that could influence fMRI and MRS results. 2. A history of mental retardation or an estimated IQ total score \<85. 3. An MRI scan is contraindicated in the subject for any reason, including psychological impediments to being inside the MR scanner. 4. The patient cannot attend follow-up visits.