Safety Study of Recombinant Vaccinia Virus to Treat Refractory Solid Tumors

Inclusion Criteria: * Histologically-confirmed, advanced/metastatic solid tumor refractory to standard therapy or the patient has refused or does not tolerate the standard therapy; tumors may include malignant melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck * At least one measurable tumor mass by CT/MRI (i.e. lesion that can accurately be measured in at least one dimension with longest diameter \> 1 cm) * At least one tumor mass amenable to biopsy and/or FNA * Expected survival for approximately 16 weeks or longer * Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) ≥ 70 * Age ≥18 years * WBC ≥ 3,500 cells/mm3 and ≤ 50,000 cells/mm3 * ANC ≥ 1,500 cells/mm3 * Hemoglobin ≥ 10 g/dL * Platelet count ≥ 100,000 plts/mm3 * Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x ULN * AST, ALT ≤ 2.5 x ULN * Serum chemistries within normal limits (WNL) or Grade 1 - If patients are diabetic or have a screening random glucose \> 160 mg/dL, a fasting glucose must be done and patients must be WNL or Grade 1 in order to be eligible for the study. * Acceptable coagulation status: INR ≤ (ULN + 10%) * CD4 count ≥ 500/mm3 Exclusion Criteria: * Significant immunodeficiency due to underlying illness (e.g. HIV/AIDS) and/or medication (e.g. systemic corticosteroids) * Known myeloproliferative disorders requiring systemic therapy * History of exfoliative skin condition (e.g. eczema or ectopic dermatitis) requiring systemic therapy * Tumor(s) invading a major vascular structure (e.g. carotid artery) * Tumor(s) in location that would potentially result in significant clinical adverse effects if post-treatment tumor swelling were to occur (e.g. tumors impinging on the upper airway or affecting biliary tract drainage, etc.) * Clinically significant and/or rapidly accumulating ascites, peri-cardial and/or pleural effusions * Severe or unstable cardiac disease * Current, known CNS malignancy (history of completely resected or irradiated brain metastases allowed) * Received anti-cancer therapy within 4 weeks prior to first treatment (6 weeks in case of mitomycin C or nitrosoureas) * Use of anti-viral, anti-platelet, or anti-coagulation medication \[Patients who discontinue such medications within 7 days prior to first treatment may be eligible for this study.\] * Pulse oximetry O2 saturation \<90% at rest * Experienced a severe systemic reaction or side-effect as a result of a previous smallpox vaccination Household contact exclusions: * Women who are pregnant or nursing an infant * Children \< 5 years old * History of exfoliative skin condition (e.g. eczema) that at some stage has required systemic therapy * Significant immunodeficiency due to underlying illness (e.g. HIV/AIDS) and/or medication (e.g. systemic corticosteroids)