Single Infusion of Liposomal Amphotericin B in Indian Visceral Leishmaniasis

Inclusion Criteria: * Children and adults 2-65 years of age (inclusive) of either gender. * Diagnosis of VL confirmed by spleen or bone marrow aspirate. * Clinical signs and symptoms compatible with VL. * Biochemical and haematological test values as follows: * Haemoglobin \> 3.5g/100mL * White blood cell count \> 0.75 x109/L * Platelet count \> 40 x 109/L * AST, ALT and alkaline phosphatase \< 5 times upper normal limit * Prothrombin time \< 4 seconds above control * Serum creatinine levels - 1.5 times upper normal limit * Serum potassium levels within normal limits * HIV negative. Exclusion Criteria: * A history of intercurrent or concurrent diseases (e.g. chronic alcohol consumption or drug addiction; renal, hepatic, cardiovascular or CNS disease; diabetes; tuberculosis; other infectious or major psychiatric diseases) that may introduce variables that affect the outcome of the study. * Any condition which the investigator thinks may prevent the patient from completing the study therapy and subsequent follow-up. * Proteinuria (\> 2+). * A history of allergy or hypersensitivity to amphotericin B * Previous treatment for VL within two weeks of enrollment into the study. * Prior treatment failures with amphotericin B.