Aflibercept, Radiation Therapy, and Temozolomide in Treating Patients With Newly Diagnosed or Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme, Gliosarcoma, or Other Malignant Glioma

Criteria: * Creatinine \< = 1.5 mg/dL or creatinine clearance = \> 60 mL/min * At least 28 days since prior major surgery or open biopsy * INR \< = 1.5 * Not pregnant or nursing * Negative pregnancy test * Karnofsky performance status 60-100% * SGOT and SGPT \< 2 times upper limit of normal (ULN) * Bilirubin \< 2 times ULN * Life expectancy = \> 12 weeks * WBC = \> 3,000/μL * ANC= \> 1,500/mm³ * Platelet count = \> 100,000/mm³ * Hemoglobin = \> 10 g/dL (transfusion allowed) * At least 21 days since prior radiotherapy (groups 2 and 3) * No prior Gliadel® wafers * No concurrent major surgery * Fertile patients must use effective contraception prior to, during, and for at least 6 months after completion of study treatment * At least 28 days since prior significant traumatic injury No evidence of bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy * No serious or nonhealing wound, ulcer, or bone fracture * No history of other cancer (except nonmelanoma skin cancer or carcinoma in situ of the cervix), unless in complete remission and off of all therapy for that disease for a minimum of 3 years * No history of abdominal fistula, gastrointestinal perforation, intra-abdominal abscess gastrointestinal bleeding or diverticulitis within the past 6 months * No prior cranial radiotherapy (group 1 only) * No prior aflibercept * No prior treatment for brain tumors, except concurrent radiotherapy and temozolomide or 2 or fewer 28-day courses of adjuvant temozolomide (groups 2 and 3) * No prior or concurrent cytotoxic drug therapy, non-cytotoxic drug therapy, or experimental drug therapy for brain tumors (group 1 only) * No concurrent major surgery * No known hypersensitivity to CHO cell products or other recombinant human antibodies * No history of hypersensitivity to a recombinant protein whereby reaction occurs during or immediately after infusion * No history of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biological composition to other study agents * No uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection or psychiatric illness or social situation that would limit compliance with study requirements * No clinically significant cardiovascular disease within the past 6 months, including any of the following: History of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke * Myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft, or unstable angina * New York Heart Association class III-IV congestive heart failure, serious cardiac arrhythmia requiring medication, or unstable angina pectoris * Clinically significant peripheral vascular disease * Pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, or other thromboembolic event * No disease that will obscure toxicity or dangerously alter drug metabolism * Recovered from all prior therapy * More than 28 days since prior and no concurrent investigational agents * More than 7 days since prior core biopsy * At least 23 days since prior temozolomide (groups 2 and 3) * No concurrent combination antiretroviral therapy for HIV-positive patients * No concurrent full-dose anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin or low molecular-weight heparin) * Prophylactic doses allowed * No concurrent routine prophylactic use of filgrastim (G-CSF) * No other concurrent anticancer therapy (including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormonal treatment, or immunotherapy) * Concurrent enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs (EIAED) or non-EIAED allowed * Urine protein:creatinine ratio \< = 1 or 24-hour urine protein \< = 500 mg * No significant medical illnesses that in the investigator's opinion cannot be adequately controlled with appropriate therapy or would compromise the patient's ability to tolerate therapy