Impact of Group Motivational Interviewing and In-Home-Messaging-Devices for Dually Diagnosed Veterans

Overview

Two approaches for providing evidence-based substance abuse treatment (EBT), group motivational interviewing (GMI) and the In-Home-Messaging-Device (IHMD), are interventions that have the characteristic ability for increasing accessibility to evidence-based treatment among patients with substance use problems and are proposed for investigation. GMI is based on motivational interviewing, an intervention that has shown consistent significant effects in promoting treatment retention and reduced substance use among individuals with substance use disorders, and is delivered in a group format. IHMD is a user-friendly computerized Tele-mental Health communication tool that allows interaction through the telephone line between a Veteran and the health care provider in an individual's home or residential placement. The current proposal aims to determine whether GMI and IHMD lead to a significantly greater increase in treatment engagement and reduction in alcohol use compared to a treatment control condition (TCC) among Veterans with a substance use problem and a co-existing psychiatric disorder.

Dually diagnosed Veterans (N = 178) will be recruited from the Charleston, SC VAMC Outpatient Substance Abuse Treatment Center (SATC) and block randomized to TAU, GMI, or IHMD. Patients with alcohol dependence or abuse (including drug abuse) and a nonsubstance-related major Axis I disorder (e.g., bipolar disorder, depression, psychotic disorder) will be eligible for the study. Participants, who were referred to the study at time of triage or during the orientation phase of SATC, will be evaluated at baseline and approximately at a 1 and 3-month follow-up. Primary outcome measures will be alcohol use and treatment utilization as measured by number of days of alcohol use, number of binge alcohol drinking days, and quantity of alcohol consumed (in standard drinks, or SECs), and treatment attendance sessions based on objective CPRS patient medical records (i.e., number of all substance abuse outpatient, other mental health \[e.g., PTSD, depression\], and other substance abuse treatment sessions), and self-reported 12-step (number of self-help AA/NA) sessions, including days consulting with a 12-step or mutual self-help sponsor. Exploratory outcomes measures include number of illicit drug use days (e.g., cocaine, crack, marijuana, opiates, and sedatives). Primary questions: A. Does GMI lead to a significantly greater reduction in alcohol use and an increase in treatment engagement outcomes in the 3-month follow-up period compared to participants assigned to TCC? Hypothesis: Participants who receive GMI will consume less alcohol and will be engaged in and attend more continuous treatment than participants in TCC in the 3-month follow-up period. B. Does IHMD lead to a significantly greater reduction in alcohol use and an increase in treatment engagement outcomes in the 3-month follow-up period compared to participants assigned to TCC? Hypothesis: Participants who receive IHMD will consume less alcohol and will be engaged in and attend more continuous treatment than participants in TCC in the 3-month follow-up period. Exploratory question: Compared to TCC, will GMI and IHMD lead to significantly fewer days of illicit drug use by 3-month follow-up? Hypothesis: Compared to TCC, GMI and IHMD will result in a significant reduction in days of illicit drug use by 3-month follow-up.