This is a multicentre study examining the effectiveness of angiotension converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) or a combination of both in reducing the rate of decline in residual renal function (RRF) in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients.
RRF has been shown to decline progressively with time on dialysis in both CAPD and hemodialysis. Although RRF is an important determinant of mortality and morbidity in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, few studies have addressed therapeutic approaches for preserving RRF after the initiation of dialysis therapy. Blockade of the renin-angiotensin system by ACEI or ARB is a well-established approach for renoprotection in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients. Up to now, only two trials showed that an ACEI, ramipril, and ARB, valsartan , were effective in the preservation of RRF of CAPD patients. However it is important to point out that the evidence cited has limitations. First, the trial only involved patients from one university teaching hospital. Second, transport characteristics, were not assessed before the start of the study. Third, the trial was too small to detect potentially important differences in health care use and survival between groups. Therefore, whether both ACEI and ARB preserve RRF, improve clinical outcomes and decrease health care use and costs should be tested in much longer and larger studies involving multiple sites. In order to confirm these findings, here the investigators will perform prospective, randomized, open-label and multiple center study to address long-term effects of ACEI, ARB and combination of both therapy on RRF in Patients on CAPD.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
200
Patients with hypertension will take 10-20mg benazepril per day, antihypertensive agents other than ACE inhibitors and ARBs will be allowed. Doses are adjusted appropriately to achieve and maintain the target blood pressure of 120-140/70-90 mmHg.
Patients with hypertension will take 80-160mg valsartan per day, antihypertensive agents other than ACE inhibitors and ARBs will be allowed. Doses are adjusted appropriately to achieve and maintain the target blood pressure of 120-140/70-90 mmHg.
Patients with hypertension will take 10-20mg benazepril plus 80-160mg valsartan per day, antihypertensive agents other than ACE inhibitors and ARBs will be allowed. Doses are adjusted appropriately to achieve and maintain the target blood pressure of 120-140/70-90 mmHg.
The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yet-sen University
Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
The longitudinal change in residual glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
Residual GFR is defined as the average of 24-hour urinary urea and creatinine clearances.
Time frame: 3 years
Dialysis adequacy
Indices of the adequacy of dialysis include Kt/V and weekly creatinine clearance assessed by 24-hour dialysate and urinary collection.
Time frame: 3 years
Peritoneal membrane function
Peritoneal membrane function assessed by standard peritoneal equilibration test.
Time frame: 3 years
Blood pressure
Office systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurement during follow up period.
Time frame: 3 years
The time to anuria
Anuria is defined as urine volume \< 100ml/d.
Time frame: 3 years
Number of participants not alive
Death from any cause.
Time frame: 3 years
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Patients in the control group will administer antihypertensive agents, except ACE inhibitors and ARBs. Doses are adjusted appropriately to achieve and maintain the target blood pressure of 120-140/70-90 mmHg.