Rifapentine Plus Moxifloxacin for Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Inclusion Criteria: * Presumptive diagnosis of sputum smear-positive pulmonary TB. * Age: ≥18 years * Seven (7) or fewer days of multidrug therapy for TB disease in the preceding 6 months. * Seven (7) or fewer days of fluoroquinolone therapy in the preceding 3 months. * Documentation of HIV infection status. * For HIV seropositive individuals, a CD4 T lymphocyte count of greater than or equal to 200 cells/mm3. * Documentation of study baseline laboratory parameters done at, or ≤ 14 days prior to screening: * AST less than or equal to 2.5 times upper limit of normal. * Total bilirubin level less than 2.5 times upper limit of normal. * Creatinine level less than 2 times upper limit of normal. * Hemoglobin level of at least 8.0 g/dl. * Platelet count of at least 75,000 mm3. * Potassium level of at least 3.5. * Negative pregnancy test (women of childbearing potential). * Karnofsky score of at least 60 (requires occasional assistance but is able to care for most of his/her needs). * Male or nonpregnant, nonnursing female. * Provision of informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * CD4 count \< 200 cells/cu mm. * Presence of active AIDS-related opportunistic infection (other than TB) or active AIDS-related malignancy. * Known intolerance to any of the study drugs. * Concomitant disorders or conditions for which any of the study drugs is contraindicated. These include severe hepatic damage, acute liver disease of any cause, and acute uncontrolled gouty arthritis. * Inability to take oral medication. * Central nervous system TB. * Pulmonary silicosis. * Current or planned therapy, during study phase (intensive phase of TB treatment), with any one or more of the following drugs: quinidine, procainamide, amiodarone, sotalol, disopyramide, terfenadine, cisapride, erythromycin, clarithromycin, phenothiazines, haloperidol, olanzapine, ziprasidone, tricyclic antidepressants, chronic corticosteroids administered either orally or intravenously, chronic fluconazole,chronic itraconazole, chronic ketoconazole, oral or intravenous tacrolimus, oral or intravenous cyclosporine, HIV protease inhibitor, HIV non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. * Concurrent severe and/or uncontrolled medical or psychiatric condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, could cause unacceptable safety risks or compromise compliance with the protocol. * Unable or unwilling to receive directly observed therapy and/or adhere with follow-up (e.g. due to residence remote from the study site). * Refusal of consent.