The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and efficacy of vortioxetine, once daily (QD), in treating Generalized Anxiety Disorder.
The drug that was tested in this study is called Vortioxetine. Vortioxetine is being tested to treat anxiety in adults who have general anxiety disorder (GAD). This study looked at GAD relief in people who took vortioxetine. The study enrolled 304 patients. Participants were randomly assigned (by chance, like flipping a coin) to one of the two treatment groups-which remained undisclosed to the patient and study doctor during the study (unless there was an urgent medical need): * Vortioxetine 5 mg * Placebo (dummy inactive pill) - this was a capsule that looked like the study drug but had no active ingredient. All participants were asked to take one capsule at the same time each day throughout the study. This multi-center trial was conducted in the United States. The overall time to participate in this study was up to 13 weeks. Participants made 7 visits to the clinic, and were contacted by telephone 4 weeks after the last dose of study drug for a follow-up assessment.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
304
Encapsulated vortioxetine immediate-release tablets
Vortioxetine placebo-matching capsules
Unnamed facility
Anaheim, California, United States
Change From Baseline in the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) Total Score at Week 8
The HAM-A is an anxiety rating scale consisting of 14 items that assess anxious mood, tension, fear, insomnia, intellectual (cognitive) symptoms, depressed mood, behavior at interview, somatic (sensory), cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, autonomic and somatic (muscular) symptoms. Each symptom is rated from 0 (absent) to 4 (maximum severity). Total scores range from 0 to 56 where \<17 indicates mild severity, 18-24 mild to moderate severity and 25-30 moderate to severe. Total scores above 30 are rare, but indicate very severe anxiety. Least Squares (LS) means were from a mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM).
Time frame: Baseline to Week 8
Change From Baseline in the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) Anxiety Subscale at Week 8
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) Anxiety sub-scale consists of 7 items that are assessed by a scale from 0 (no anxiety) to 3 (severe feeling of anxiety). The anxiety subscale determines a state of generalized anxiety including anxious mood, restlessness, anxious thoughts and panic attacks. Scores are summed and range from 0 to 21 (maximal severity). LS means were from a mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM).
Time frame: Baseline to Week 8
Clinical Global Impression Scale-Global Improvement at Week 8
The Clinical Global Impression - Global Improvement scale assesses the participant's improvement (or worsening) as assessed by the clinician relative to Baseline on a 7-point scale: 1, very much improved; 2, much improved; 3, minimally improved; 4, no change; 5, minimally worse; 6, much worse; or 7, very much worse. LS means were from a mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM).
Time frame: Baseline to Week 8
Change From Baseline in Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) Total Score at Week 8
The Sheehan Disability Scale assesses functional impairment in 3 domains: work/school, social life or leisure activities, and home life or family responsibilities. The participant rates the extent to which each aspect is impaired on a 10-point visual analog scale, from 0 (not at all) to 10 (extremely). The 3 scores are added together to calculate the total score, which ranges from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating more impairment. LS means were from a mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM).
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Unnamed facility
Arcadia, California, United States
Unnamed facility
Irvine, California, United States
Unnamed facility
National City, California, United States
Unnamed facility
Sherman Oaks, California, United States
Unnamed facility
Upland, California, United States
Unnamed facility
Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States
Unnamed facility
Bradenton, Florida, United States
Unnamed facility
Coral Gables, Florida, United States
Unnamed facility
North Miami, Florida, United States
...and 23 more locations
Time frame: Baseline to Week 8
Percentage of Responders in HAM-A Total Score at Week 8
Response was defined as participants with a ≥50% decrease from Baseline in the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) total score. The HAM-A is an anxiety rating scale consisting of 14 items that assess anxious mood, tension, fear, insomnia, intellectual (cognitive) symptoms, depressed mood, behavior at interview, somatic (sensory), cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, autonomic and somatic (muscular) symptoms. Each symptom is rated from 0 (absent) to 4 (maximum severity). Total scores range from 0 (symptoms absent) to 56 (maximum severity).
Time frame: Baseline and Week 8
Change From Baseline in the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) Total Score at Week 8 in Participants With Baseline HAM-A ≥25
The HAM-A is an anxiety rating scale consisting of 14 items that assess anxious mood, tension, fear, insomnia, intellectual (cognitive) symptoms, depressed mood, behavior at interview, somatic (sensory), cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, autonomic and somatic (muscular) symptoms. Each symptom is rated from 0 (absent) to 4 (maximum severity). Total scores range from 0 to 56 where \<17 indicates mild severity, 18-24 mild to moderate severity and 25-30 moderate to severe. Total scores above 30 are rare, but indicate very severe anxiety. Least Squares (LS) means were from a mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM).
Time frame: Baseline to Week 8
Change From Baseline in 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) Social Functioning Subscore at Week 8
The Medical Outcomes Study SF-36 is a participant self-rated questionnaire that is a general measure of perceived health status comprising 36 questions, which yields an 8-scale health profile. The social functioning subscale assesses limitations in social activities because of physical or emotional problems. The sub-score scale ranges from 0 (best) - 100 (worst). LS means were from a mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM).
Time frame: Baseline to Week 8
Change From Baseline in Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) Total Score at Other Weeks Assessed
The HAM-A is an anxiety rating scale consisting of 14 items that assess anxious mood, tension, fear, insomnia, intellectual (cognitive) symptoms, depressed mood, behavior at interview, somatic (sensory), cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, autonomic and somatic (muscular) symptoms. Each symptom is rated from 0 (absent) to 4 (maximum severity). Total scores range from 0 to 56 where \<17 indicates mild severity, 18-24 mild to moderate severity and 25-30 moderate to severe. Total scores above 30 are rare, but indicate very severe anxiety. Least Squares (LS) means were from a mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM).
Time frame: Baseline to Weeks 1, 2, 4 and 6.
Change From Baseline in the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) Anxiety Subscale at Other Weeks Assessed
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) Anxiety sub-scale consists of 7 items that are assessed by a scale from 0 (no anxiety) to 3 (severe feeling of anxiety). The anxiety subscale determines a state of generalized anxiety including anxious mood, restlessness, anxious thoughts and panic attacks. Scores are summed and range from 0 to 21 (maximal severity). LS means were from a mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM).
Time frame: Baseline to Weeks 1 and 4
Clinical Global Impression Scale-Global Improvement at Other Weeks Assessed
The Clinical Global Impression - Global Improvement scale assesses the participant's improvement (or worsening) as assessed by the clinician relative to Baseline on a 7-point scale: 1, very much improved; 2, much improved; 3, minimally improved; 4, no change; 5, minimally worse; 6, much worse; or 7, very much worse. LS means were from a mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM).
Time frame: Baseline to Weeks 1, 2, 4 and 6
Change From Baseline in Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) Total Score at Other Weeks Assessed
The Sheehan Disability Scale assesses functional impairment in 3 domains: work/school, social life or leisure activities, and home life or family responsibilities. The participant rates the extent to which each aspect is impaired on a 10-point visual analog scale, from 0 (not at all) to 10 (extremely). The 3 scores are added together to calculate the total score, which ranges from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating more impairment. LS means and P-values were from a mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM).
Time frame: Baseline to Weeks 1, 2 and 4
Percentage of Responders in HAM-A Total Score at Other Weeks Assessed
Response was defined as participants with a ≥50% decrease from Baseline in the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) total score. The HAM-A is an anxiety rating scale consisting of 14 items that assess anxious mood, tension, fear, insomnia, intellectual (cognitive) symptoms, depressed mood, behavior at interview, somatic (sensory), cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, autonomic and somatic (muscular) symptoms. Each symptom is rated from 0 (absent) to 4 (maximum severity). Total scores range from 0 (symptoms absent) to 56 (maximum severity).
Time frame: Baseline and Weeks 1, 2, 4 and 6
Change From Baseline in the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) Total Score at Other Weeks Assessed in Participants With Baseline HAM-A ≥25
The HAM-A is an anxiety rating scale consisting of 14 items that assess anxious mood, tension, fear, insomnia, intellectual (cognitive) symptoms, depressed mood, behavior at interview, somatic (sensory), cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, autonomic and somatic (muscular) symptoms. Each symptom is rated from 0 (absent) to 4 (maximum severity). Total scores range from 0 to 56 where \<17 indicates mild severity, 18-24 mild to moderate severity and 25-30 moderate to severe. Total scores above 30 are rare, but indicate very severe anxiety. Least Squares (LS) means were from a mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM).
Time frame: Baseline to Weeks 1, 2, 4 and 6
Percentage of Participants in HAM-A Remission at Each Week Assessed
Remission is defined as a Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) total score ≤ 7. The HAM-A is an anxiety rating scale consisting of 14 items that assess anxious mood, tension, fear, insomnia, intellectual (cognitive) symptoms, depressed mood, behavior at interview, somatic (sensory), cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, autonomic and somatic (muscular) symptoms. Each symptom is rated from 0 (absent) to 4 (maximum severity). Total scores range from 0 (symptoms absent) to 56 (maximum severity).
Time frame: Weeks 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8
Change From Baseline in Clinical Global Impression Scale-Severity of Illness at Each Week Assessed
The Clinical Global Impression - Severity scale (CGI-S) is a 7-point scale that requires the clinician to rate the severity of the patient's illness at the time of assessment, relative to the clinician's past experience with patients who have the same diagnosis. Considering total clinical experience, a patient is assessed on severity of mental illness on the following scale: 1, normal, not at all ill; 2, borderline mentally ill; 3, mildly ill; 4, moderately ill; 5, markedly ill; 6, severely ill; or 7, extremely ill. LS means were from a mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM).
Time frame: Baseline to Weeks 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8
Change From Baseline in the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) Depression Subscale at Each Week Assessed
The HAD-Depression subscale is completed by the participant and measures depression, focusing on the state of lost interest and diminished pleasure response. The subscale is made up of 7 items that are assessed on a scale from 0 (no depression) to 3 (severe feeling of depression). Participants are required to indicate the response which most accurately reflects the way they have felt over the last few days. The item scores are summed and the total subscore ranges from 0 to 21 (maximal severity). LS means were from a mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM).
Time frame: Baseline to Weeks 1, 4 and 8
Change From Baseline in 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) Social Functioning Subscore at Other Weeks Assessed
The Medical Outcomes Study SF-36 is a participant self-rated questionnaire that is a general measure of perceived health status comprising 36 questions, which yields an 8-scale health profile. The social functioning subscale assesses limitations in social activities because of physical or emotional problems. The sub-score scale ranges from 0 (best) - 100 (worst). LS means were from a mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM).
Time frame: Baseline to Weeks 2 and 4
Change From Baseline in 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) Physical Functioning Subscore at Each Week Assessed
The Medical Outcomes Study SF-36 is a participant self-rated questionnaire that is a general measure of perceived health status comprising 36 questions, which yields an 8-scale health profile. The physical functioning subscale assesses limitations in physical activities because of health problems. The sub-score scale ranges from 0 (best) - 100 (worst). LS means were from a mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM).
Time frame: Baseline to Weeks 2, 4 and 8
Change From Baseline in 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) Role-Physical Subscore at Each Week Assessed
The Medical Outcomes Study SF-36 is a participant self-rated questionnaire that is a general measure of perceived health status comprising 36 questions, which yields an 8-scale health profile. The role-physical subscale assesses limitations in usual role activities because of physical health problems. The sub-score scale ranges from 0 (best) - 100 (worst). LS means were from a mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM).
Time frame: Baseline to Weeks 2, 4 and 8
Change From Baseline in 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) Bodily Pain Subscore at Each Week Assessed
The Medical Outcomes Study SF-36 is a participant self-rated questionnaire that is a general measure of perceived health status comprising 36 questions, which yields an 8-scale health profile. The bodily pain sub-score scale ranges from 0 (best) - 100 (worst). LS means were from a mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM).
Time frame: Baseline to Weeks 2, 4 and 8
Change From Baseline in 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) General Health Subscore at Each Week Assessed
The Medical Outcomes Study SF-36 is a participant self-rated questionnaire that is a general measure of perceived health status comprising 36 questions, which yields an 8-scale health profile. The general health sub-score scale ranges from 0 (best) - 100 (worst). LS means were from a mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM).
Time frame: Baseline to Weeks 2, 4 and 8
Change From Baseline in 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) Vitality Subscore at Each Week Assessed
The Medical Outcomes Study SF-36 is a participant self-rated questionnaire that is a general measure of perceived health status comprising 36 questions, which yields an 8-scale health profile. The vitality sub-score assesses energy and fatigue, and ranges from 0 (best) - 100 (worst). LS means were from a mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM).
Time frame: Baseline to Weeks 2, 4 and 8
Change From Baseline in 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) Role-Emotional Subscore at Each Week Assessed
The Medical Outcomes Study SF-36 is a participant self-rated questionnaire that is a general measure of perceived health status comprising 36 questions, which yields an 8-scale health profile. The role-emotional subscale assesses limitations in usual role activities because of emotional problems. The sub-score scale ranges from 0 (best) - 100 (worst). LS means were from a mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM).
Time frame: Baseline to Weeks 2, 4 and 8
Change From Baseline in 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) Mental Health Subscore at Each Week Assessed
The Medical Outcomes Study SF-36 is a participant self-rated questionnaire that is a general measure of perceived health status comprising 36 questions, which yields an 8-scale health profile. The mental health sub-score assesses general mental health (psychological distress and well-being) and ranges from 0 (best) - 100 (worst). LS means were from a mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM).
Time frame: Baseline to Weeks 2, 4 and 8
Health Care Resource Utilization as Assessed by the Health Economic Assessment Questionnaire
Healthcare resource utilization was assessed by the Health Economic Assessment (HEA) questionnaire, which monitors the participants absenteeism from work, as well as resource use such as visits to a general practitioner, outpatient and inpatient services, hospitalization, medications, and other relevant services over the past 8 weeks.
Time frame: Baseline and Week 8