This study shall determine whether or not proactive telephone support for smoking cessation delivered to quitline callers is more effective than standard 'reactive' provision and whether or not the offer of a voucher for a cost free supply of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) has any additional impact on smoking cessation rates achieved by behavioural interventions.
There is evidence from other studies that telephone helplines are effective in helping individuals to stop smoking. This study will investigate whether or not two interventions that have been proven effective in other contexts are effective when offered via telephone helplines. The two interventions which will be tested are (1) additional proactive counselling via telephone(several calls from a trained smoking cessation advisor over a certain period) and (2) the offer of Nicotine Replacement Therapy. This trial will determine whether or not: (1)additional (proactive) telephone support for smoking cessation delivered to users of the National Health Service (NHS)Smoking Helpline, is more effective than standard support given by the helpline, and (2) whether the offer of free Nicotine Replacement Therapy influences rates of stopping smoking in individuals receiving either standard (reactive) or proactive telephone support. Current smokers over 16 years of age will be recruited by helpline staff with the appropriate consent. Participants will then be randomised into one of four groups: (i) usual care delivered by the helpline (called the Together Programme) (ii) usual care plus a programme of proactive telephone counselling (iii) usual care AND the offer of Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) (iv) usual helpline support, proactive telephone counselling AND the offer of NRT. The researchers will not be aware of which group participants have been allocated. The results will determine if the use of proactive telephone counselling is effective in helping individuals to stop smoking. It shall also find out if the offer of NRT medication via a telephone helpline assists individuals in their efforts to stop smoking.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
2,591
Pro-active telephone counselling allows for repeated, sequenced calls to be made by quitline counsellors to smokers and for counselling to be provided during accepted calls.
Reactive counselling usually involves the provision of evidence-based information to support quit attempts without any or with only very brief counselling to accompany it.
Offer of voucher for cost-free Nicotine Replacement Therapy over the telephone
University of Nottingham
Nottingham, United Kingdom
Self-reported, Prolonged Abstinence From Smoking Between a Quit Date and 6 Months Afterwards.
Prolonged abstinence was defined as not smoking between a quit date and six months later with minor smoking lapses permitted as long as no more than 5 cigarettes in total were smoked during this period.
Time frame: 6 months from participant's quit date
Self-reported Point Prevalence Abstinence From Smoking for at Least 7 Days, Ascertained at 6 Months, With Carbon Monoxide (CO) Validation.
The participant had to report not smoking for at least 7 days prior to the point of outcome assessment.
Time frame: Measured 6 months after participant's quit date
Self-reported Abstinence From Smoking for at Least Three Months, Ascertained at 6 Months
Participants had to report not smoking in the three months prior to outcome ascertainment.
Time frame: Measured at 6 months after participant's quit date
Self-reported Prolonged Abstinence From Smoking Between a Quit Date and 1 Month
Prolonged abstinence was defined as not smoking between a quit date and one month later; minor lapses were permitted provided no more than 5 cigarettes in total had been smoked.
Time frame: Measured at 1 month after participant's quit date
Self-reported Point Prevalence Abstinence From Smoking for at Least 7 Days, Ascertained at 1 Month
Participants had to report not smoking for 7 or more days prior to outcome ascertainment.
Time frame: Measured at 1 month after participant's quit date
Number of Unsuccessful Quit Attempts Lasting > 24 Hrs Reported at One and 6 Months
As title
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Time frame: Measured 6 months after participant's quit date
Health Status at 6 Months EuroQol 5D (EQ5D)
This is a generic measure of health status used in health economic analyses.
Time frame: Measured 6 months after participant's quit date
Use of Other NHS Smoking Cessation Interventions (e.g. Uptake of NHS Stop Smoking Services, Use of Other NRT Obtained From General Practitioner (GP) Etc.)
Participants' recall of the use they have made of other stop smoking interventions that are available through the National Health Service.
Time frame: Measured 6 months after participant's quit date