Intracoronary Bradykinin Mediated t-PA Release in Heart Transplant Recipients

Inclusion criteria: 1. Heart transplant recipients undergoing annual cardiac catheterization who have participated our protocol: Characterization of brachial arterial t-PA release, vasodilator function, and vascular compliance and correlation with fibrinolytic balance, oxidative stress, and inflammation measures in heart transplant recipients (SCCOR Project 1, Aim 3C). (IRB # 070517) 2. 25 Subjects will have transplant vasculopathy and 25 subjects will be free of transplant vasculopathy, as documented in previous angiograms. 3. Otherwise healthy Exclusion criteria: 1. PVC \< 30 2. Hypertensive subjects on ACE inhibitors 3. Pregnant or nursing mothers 4. Diabetic with HbA1C \> 7.5 or stigmata of end organ damage (neuropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, cardiomyopathy) 5. Cholesterol \> 30 mg/dL above NCEP accepted level based on cardiac risk. 6. Triglycerides \> 200 7. Previously diagnosed obstructive coronary artery disease 8. Renal insufficiency (Creatinine ≥ 1.5 mg/dl) 9. History of cerebrovascular disease 10. Any chronic inflammatory disease (rheumatologic, inflammatory bowel disease, etc) 11. Uncontrolled Stage 2 Hypertension (160/100 mmHg), or end organ damage due to hypertension (left ventricular hypertrophy, atrial fibrillation, hematuria, renal insufficiency, prior cerebrovascular disease). 12. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor use 13. Coagulopathy (INR ≥ 1.5, PTT ≥ 150% of control) 14. Peripheral Vascular Disease 15. Other chronic medical illnesses at the discretion of the investigators Healthy controls are being enrolled in SCCOR Project 1, Aims 3A and 3B (IRB# 030473 and 061160) and will not be participating under this IRB number.