Tranexamic acid has been shown to reduce postoperative blood losses and transfusion requirements in a number of types of surgery. Most trials in orthopedic surgery have been conducted in arthroplasty, hip fracture and spine surgeries. This study would aim to see the effect of tranexamic acid in reduction of blood loss and transfusions for long bone fracture surgery, primarily fracture shaft of femur.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
82
Tranexamic acid given slowly intravenously (15 mg/kg body weight) 15 minutes before surgery followed by a second dose at three hour interval from first dose and third dose at three hour interval from the second + Standard of care (Standard of care includes the routine surgical and anesthetic techniques being utilized to control blood loss)
Standard of care includes the routine surgical and anesthetic techniques being utilized to control blood loss
Pfizer Investigational Site
Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
Total Blood Loss
Total blood loss was defined as the sum of intra-operative and post-operative blood loss. It was measured by weighing the drapes/ dressings or swabs prior to soaking to measure difference in weight and checking drain collectors until drains were removed.
Time frame: Baseline through Day 7 post-surgery
Intra-operative Blood Loss
Intra-operative blood loss was measured by weighing the drapes/ dressings or swabs prior to soaking to measure difference in weight and checking drain collectors until drains were removed.
Time frame: Day 1 (End of surgery)
Post-operative Blood Loss
Post-operative blood loss was defined as the sum of the drainage volumes measured over post-operative days 1, 2, and at drain removal. It was measured by weighing the drapes/ dressings or swabs prior to soaking to measure difference in weight and checking drain collectors until drains were removed.
Time frame: 1, 4, 8 and 24 hours post-surgery
Total Blood Loss Assessed by Gross' Formula
Gross's formula for estimating total blood loss: Estimated blood volume\*\[(Hematocrit initial - Hematocrit final)/ Hematocrit average\]; where estimated blood volume equals body weight in kilograms (kg) \*70 mL/kg.
Time frame: Day 7 post-surgery
Number of Participants Receiving Transfusions
A uniform transfusion protocol was maintained for all participants in the study. Transfusion to be triggered at 8.0 milligram/deciliter (mg/dl) hemoglobin or haematocrit value of 24 percent.
Time frame: Up to day 7 post-surgery
Change From Baseline in Hemoglobin Levels at End of Surgery, 1 hr Post-surgery, and Mornings of Day 1, Day 2, Day 4, Day 7 or Early Termination (ET) Post-surgery
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Time frame: Baseline through end of surgery, 1 hr post-surgery, and mornings of Day 1, Day 2, Day 4, Day 7 or ET post-surgery
Number of Participants With Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) Post Surgery
DVT was defined if a segment of the deep vein of the lower limb was not compressible or a previous compressive vein became non compressive or there was no flow in the underlying vessel. Symptoms of DVT included pain in the lower limb, localized tenderness, swelling and warmth.
Time frame: Day 5 post-surgery