Safety and Efficacy of Palonosetron IV to Prevent Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Pediatric Patients

MAIN INCLUSION CRITERIA * Male or female patient aged more than 28 days (full term) up to and including 16 years. * Inpatient scheduled to undergo surgical procedures requiring general endotracheal anesthesia, including: * ear, nose and throat surgery; * eye surgery; * orchidopexy; * plastic reconstructive surgery; * herniorraphy; * orthopedic surgery). * American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I, II or III. * Patient scheduled to receive nitrous oxide during the maintenance phase of anesthesia. * Patient scheduled to be hospitalized for at least 72 hours after wake up of surgery * For female of childbearing potential: the patient and her parent(s)/legal guardian(s) were counseled on the importance of not becoming pregnant before or during the study and the patient must have a negative pregnancy test at the pre-treatment visit and at the study treatment visit. MAIN EXCLUSION CRITERIA * For infant aged more than 12 months: a history of gastro-esophageal reflux. * For patient aged 28 days to 6 years: patient who received any investigational drugs within 90 days prior to Day 1. For patient aged 6 up to 16 years inclusive: patient who received any investigational drugs within 30 days prior to Day 1. * Patient scheduled to undergo emergency surgery. * Patient scheduled to receive regional (spinal) anesthesia in conjunction with general endotracheal anesthesia. * Patient scheduled to receive propofol during the maintenance phase of anesthesia. * Patient with vomiting from any organic cause. * Any drug with a potential anti-emetic effect within 24 hours prior to the administration of anesthesia. * Any vomiting, retching, or nausea in the 24 hours preceding the administration of anesthesia.