Glycemic Control, Brain Structure and Cognition in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes (T1DM)

LO5: Inclusion Criteria for Participants with Type 1 Diabetes: * Between the ages of 7 and 16 * Diagnosed with type 1 diabetes within 3 months Inclusion Criteria for Participants without Type 1 Diabetes: * Between the ages of 7 and 16 Exclusion Criteria for Participants with Type 1 Diabetes: * Pregnant or lactating * Chronic disease other than T1DM, well-controlled asthma, or Hashimoto's thyroiditis * Other current serious medical illness * Psychiatric illness * Psychoactive drug dependence * Neurological illness (except T1DM-related): stroke, seizure, major loss of consciousness, head injuries, encephalitis, or hydrocephalus, blindness, deafness * Use of psychoactive medications or exposure to neuroleptics (except that exposures of less than 1 month, occurring more than 5 years ago, will be allowed) * Use of dopamine depleting agents or stimulants such as Ritalin, Cylert, Adderall * Pre-maturity at birth of more than 4 wks early with complications (e.g. on respirator at NICU) * Inability to complete MRI scan (e.g. claustrophobia, metal implants) * Full set (top and bottom) of orthodontic braces (Half set braces, fillings, and retainers are OK) Exclusion Criteria for Participants without Type 1 Diabetes: * Same as above (except cannot have type 1 diabetes) HY5: Must have been a participant in our earlier study.