Efficacy of High-oleic Canola and Flaxseed Oils for Hypercholesterolemia and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors

University of Manitoba36 enrolled

Overview

The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of high-oleic canola oil and a high-oleic canola/flaxseed oil blend as compared to a typical Western diet on plasma lipids, fatty acid profiles, and risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease in hypercholesterolemic patients. Furthermore, the metabolism of dietary oleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid contained in high-oleic canola oil and flaxseed oil will be investigated.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

PREVENTION

Masking

SINGLE

Enrollment

Conditions

Cardiovascular Disease

Interventions

High-Oleic Canola OilDIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Diets contained 35% energy as fat; of which 70% was provided by high-oleic canola oil (high in monounsaturated fat (oleic acid))

High-Oleic Canola/Flaxseed Oil BlendDIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Diets contained 35% energy as fat; of which 70% was provided by a 1:1 blend of high-oleic canola oil and flaxseed oil (high in monounsaturated fat (oleic acid) and omega-3 polyunsaturated fat (alpha-linolenic acid))

Western Dietary ControlDIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Diets contained 35% energy as fat; of which 70% was provided by a blend of oils typical to the Western diet (high in saturated fat and omega-6 polyunsaturated fat (linoleic acid))

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 65 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Fasting serum LDL-Cholesterol \>3.0 mmol/L * Body mass index (BMI) between 22-36 kg/m2 Exclusion Criteria: * smoking * use of lipid lowering therapy * documented cardiovascular/atherosclerotic disease * inflammatory disease * diabetes * uncontrolled hypertension * kidney disease * other systemic diseases * cancer * chronic alcohol consumption (\> 2 servings/day) * excessive exercise expenditure (\> 4000 kcal/week)

Locations (1)

Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba

Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Serum Lipids

Time frame: Baseline (Day 1,2) and Endpoint (Day 28,29) of each experimental phase

Inflammatory Biomarkers: C-Reactive Protein, Interleukin-6, sE-Selectin, sVCAM-1, sICAM-1

Time frame: Study Baseline (Day 1,2) and Endpoint (Day 28,29) of each experimental phase

Intima-Medial Thickness by Carotid Ultrasound

Time frame: Study Baseline (during Day 1-3) and Endpoint (during Day 24-26) of each experimental phase

Energy Expenditure by Indirect Calorimetry

Time frame: Study Baseline (during Week 1) and Endpoint (during Week 4) of each experimental phase

Body Composition by Dual Emission X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA)

Time frame: Baseline (Day1,2) and Endpoint (Day 28,29) of each experimental phase

Oxidation and Conversion of U-13C-Alpha Linolenic Acid

Time frame: Day 27 (time 0-8 hrs), Day 28 (24 hrs), Day 29 (48 hrs) of each experimental phase

Plasma Fatty Acid Concentrations

Time frame: Baseline (Day 1,2) and Endpoint (Day 28,29) of each experimental phase

Secondary Outcomes

Arterial Stiffness Index by Pulse Wave Analysis

Time frame: Baseline (Day 1,2) and Endpoint (Day 28,29) of each experimental phase

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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