Evaluation of Three Strategies of Second-line Antiretroviral Treatment in Africa (Dakar - Bobo-Dioulasso - Yaoundé)

Inclusion Criteria: * Patient over the age of 18 years at pre-inclusion and monitored under outpatient conditions * Documented HIV-1 infection regardless of clinical stage and CD4 lymphocyte count * Patient with treatment failure after first-line antiretroviral treatment with a combination including a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, failure being defined as 2 measurements (at 1 month interval) of plasma HIV RNA levels \> 1000 copies/ml after at least 6 months of uninterrupted treatment * Adherence (\> 80%) to first- line antiretroviral treatment (questionnaire) at pre inclusion * Patient agrees not to take any concomitant medication during the trial without informing the investigator * Informed consent signed no later than D-15 * For women in childbearing age: negative pregnancy test at inclusion, with no plan of pregnancy in the coming 12 months and agreeing to use mechanical contraception (with or without hormonal contraception) during the study Exclusion Criteria: * Infection with HIV-2 or HIV-1 groups O or N or HIV1+2 * Deficiency of the patient, making it difficult, if not impossible, for him/her to take part in the trial or understand the information provided to him/her * Participation in any other clinical trial * Presence of an uncontrolled, ongoing opportunistic infection or of any severe or progressive disease * First-line treatment with a protease inhibitor, abacavir, tenofovir or ddI * Ongoing treatment with rifampicin * Severe hepatic insufficiency (TP \< 50%) * ALAT \> 3 x ULN * Creatinine clearance calculated by Cockcroft formula \< 50 ml/min * Hb ≤ 8 g/dl * Platelets \< 50,000 cells/mm3 * Neutrophiles \< 500 cells/ mm3 * Use of drugs prohibited in the context of this trial (drugs contraindicated by the SCP of the trial drugs) - in the event of tuberculosis or malaria during the trial, a list of authorized medicines and, if necessary, a dose adjustment of the antiretroviral medication will be provided * Pregnancy or lactation