Therapeutic Efficacy Study of Pyrimethamine/Sulfdoxine (Fansidar®) for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria in the Peruvian Amazon

Inclusion Criteria: * Pf monoinfection with asexual forms * Parasite density of greater than 500 per mcl and less than 200 parasites per oil immersion field (MINSA quantification of "4 plus") * Age \> 6 months * Temperature greater than 38C (101F) * Available and willing to return for follow-up Exclusion Criteria: * Presence of any of the following "danger" signs or symptoms suggestive of severe malaria * Not able to drink or breastfeed * Repeated vomiting (unable to keep anything down) * Convulsions during present illness * Lethargic or unconscious state * Unable to sit or stand up * Respiratory distress * Jaundice (observation) or dark urine (by history) * Severe anemia (Hemoglobin \< 5 g/dl) * Hypotension (systolic BP \< 80 mm Hg in adults and \< 50 mm Hg in children under the age of 5 * Presence of another significant illness or chronic disease * Known pregnancy (by history) * History of hypersensitivity to medication used in the test