Calorie Restriction and Changes in Body Composition, Disease, Function, and Quality of Life in Older Adults

Inclusion Criteria: * at least 65 years of age * BMI 27 - 42 kg/m2 - at increased health risk (taking at least 1 medication for hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or type 2 diabetes) Exclusion Criteria: * difficulties chewing or swallowing food * digestive diseases that may affect the ability to follow a high fiber diet * cognitive impairment * depression * recent weight change (+/- 10 lbs in the last 12 months) * poorly controlled blood pressure * history of non-skin cancer in last 5 years * cardiovascular disease event in past 6 months or severe pulmonary disease or renal failure * major liver dysfunction * current smoker or quit less than months prior * history of prior surgical procedures for weight control or liposuction * use of estrogen or testosterone replacement therapy * current use of insulin or sulfonylurea agents * current use of corticosteroids \> 5 days/month on average * current use of medications for treatment of psychosis or manic-depressive illness * use of weight-loss medications in previous 3 months * dependence on others for food procurement or preparation * ischemic changes on exercise treadmill test