A Study in Relapse Prevention of Treatment-Resistant Depression

Eli Lilly and Company892 enrolled

Overview

The purpose of this study is to determine whether olanzapine and fluoxetine combination (OFC) if used for a long time (47 weeks) makes patients suffering from Treatment Resistant Depression stable, determine if OFC is safe when used to treat patients with Treatment Resistant Depression for a long time (up to 47 weeks), to determine whether olanzapine and fluoxetine combination or fluoxetine alone is better to treat Treatment Resistant Depression when treated for a long time (up to 47 weeks) and to assess the quality of life during treatment.

This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, active comparator-controlled, parallel study of participants with Treatment Resistant Depression (TRD), comparing the efficacy and safety of olanzapine and fluoxetine Combination (OFC) versus fluoxetine in relapse prevention of stabilized participants with TRD. The study will consist of 4 phases: a screening phase; a 6- to 8-week open-label acute treatment phase; a 10- to 12-week open-label stabilization phase; and a 27- to 29-week double-blind relapse prevention treatment phase. Participants who demonstrate response to open-label OFC during the acute treatment phase will continue into the stabilization phase. Participants who remain stable while receiving open-label OFC during this phase will be randomized to receive either OFC or fluoxetine during the double-blind relapse prevention phase. Investigators and participants will be blinded to the precise duration of the stabilization period, the definition of remission, and the criteria for entry into the relapse prevention phase; this information is described in a supplement given to Ethical Review Boards (ERBs) and regulatory authorities.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

TRIPLE

Enrollment

892

Conditions

Treatment Resistant Depression

Interventions

Olanzapine and Fluoxetine combination (OFC)DRUG

Open label acute phase: introductory dose for 4 days then 3 milligram (mg) Olanzapine and 25 mg Fluoxetine Combination (3/25), 6/25, 12/25, 6/50, 12/50 or 18/50, oral, daily, for 6-8 weeks. Open label stabilization phase: 6/25, 12/25, 6/50, 12/50 or 18/50 mg, oral, daily for 16-20 weeks. Double blind relapse prevention phase: dose determined during stabilization phase at Week 17, oral, daily, for 27 weeks.

FluoxetineDRUG

25 or 50 mg/day fixed dosing for 27 weeks

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 65 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Have single or recurrent unipolar Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), without psychotic features by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition-Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) clinical assessment, confirmed by the structured clinician Interview for DSM-IV Axis 1 disorders (SCID-I). * If female and of childbearing potential, test negative for pregnancy and agree to abstain from sexual activity or use a medically accepted means of contraception during the study. Use of any oral or injectable contraception must be initiated prior to receiving treatment. * Have 17-item Hamilton Depression (HAM-D) score greater than or equal to 18 at screening and the day treatment is due to be received for the first time. * Have treatment-resistant depression, as defined by having demonstrated failure to achieve satisfactory antidepressant response to adequate separate treatment courses of at least 2 different antidepressants within the current episode of MDD. Exclusion Criteria: * Have a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease or related disorders. * Have a current or lifetime diagnosis of any of the following according to DSM-IV criteria: Schizophrenia, Schizophreniform Disorder, Schizoaffective Disorder, Delusional Disorder, Psychotic Disorder Not Otherwise Specified, Bipolar Disorder I or II, Delirium of any type, Dementia of any type, Amnestic Disorder, any Substance-Induced Disorder, or any Psychotic Disorder due to a General Medical Condition. * Have current diagnosis of post-partum depression, MDD with atypical features, or MDD with a seasonal pattern as defined in the DSM-IV. * Have paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal, antisocial, and borderline personality disorders (Axis II) as a comorbid or primary diagnosis, based on DSM-IV criteria. * Have had psychotic symptoms within 1 month prior to Screening or demonstrate psychotic features at screening and on the day treatment is due to be assigned for the first time as determined by the investigator. * Have DSM-IV substance dependence/abuse or not willing to avoid use of the substance (not including dependence on nicotine or caffeine), as defined by the SCID-I, within the past 30 days. * Are actively suicidal in the judgment of the investigator. * Have had one or more seizures without a clear and resolved etiology. * Have leukopenia or history of leukopenia without a clear and resolved etiology, or known history of agranulocytosis during the participant's lifetime. * Have alanine aminotransferase (ALT)/serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) values greater than or equal to 2 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) of the performing laboratory or aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) values greater than or equal to 2 times the ULN or total bilirubin values greater than or equal to 1.5 times the ULN at any time during screening. * Have acute, serious, or unstable medical conditions. * Have any illness such that death is anticipated within 1 year or intensive care unit hospitalization for the illness is anticipated within 6 months. * Have elevated prolactin levels at screening. * Have Bazett's corrected QT interval (QTc) greater than 450 milliseconds (male) or greater than 470 milliseconds (female) at screening and when treatment is due to be received for the first time. * Have received electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) or vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) treatment within the current episode; have a history of failure to adequate treatment courses of ECT or VNS; or will require ECT or VNS at any time during study participation. * If receiving psychotherapy, light therapy, or both, are anticipated to require changes in frequency/intensity of treatment regimen or to cease treatment regimen over the duration of the study. Participants who are not receiving any of these therapies upon study entry may not begin any of these therapies during screening, or during any treatment phases of the study. * Have received previous treatment with clozapine. * Have used a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) within 14 days prior to screening or are expected to need MAOI treatment at any time during this study through 5 weeks after the participant discontinues from the study.

Locations (66)

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Time to Relapse by Any Criteria

Relapse defined as meeting any of these criteria: 50% increase in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score from randomization with a Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S) of Depression score increase to a score of 4 or more; Hospitalized for depression or suicidality; Discontinued due to lack of efficacy/worsening of depression/suicidality. MADRS is a 10-item rating scale for depressive mood symptoms severity, items rated on 0-6 scale, with total score range of 0 (low severity of depressive symptoms) to 60 (high severity of depressive symptoms). CGI-S measures severity of illness at time of assessment compared with start of treatment. Scores range from 1 (normal, not at all ill) to 7 (the most extremely ill). Lack of Efficacy/Worsening of depression was at discretion of investigator based on clinical observation. Suicidality is thoughts or actions of self-harm as determined by the investigator. Those who did not relapse were "censored" at their last observation.

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47

Secondary Outcomes

Percentage of Participants Who Relapse by Any Criteria

Relapse is defined as meeting any of the following criteria: 50% increase in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score from randomization with concomitant Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S) of Depression score increase to a score of 4 or more; Hospitalization for depression or suicidality; Discontinuation due to lack of efficacy/worsening of depression/suicidality. MADRS is a rating scale for severity of depressive mood symptoms with 10 items rated on a scale of 0-6, for a total score range of 0 (low severity of depressive symptoms) to 60 (high severity of depressive symptoms). CGI-S measures severity of illness at the time of assessment compared with start of treatment. Scores range from 1 (normal, not at all ill) to 7 (the most extremely ill). Lack of Efficacy/Worsening of depression was at the discretion of the investigator and based on clinical observation. Suicidality is thoughts or actions of self-harm as determined by the investigator.

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47

Percentage of Participants Who Relapse Based on Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) Score With Concomitant Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S) of Depression Score

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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Pasadena, California, United States

Sherman Oaks, California, United States

Wildomar, California, United States

Cromwell, Connecticut, United States

Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States

Atlanta, Georgia, United States

Marietta, Georgia, United States

Chicago, Illinois, United States

Oak Brook, Illinois, United States

Lafayette, Indiana, United States

...and 56 more locations

Relapse is defined as a 50% increase in the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score from randomization with concomitant Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S) of Depression score increase to a score of 4 or more. The MADRS has a 10-item checklist with items rated on a scale of 0-6, for a total score range of 0 (low severity of depressive symptoms) to 60 (high severity of depressive symptoms). CGI-S measures severity of illness at the time of assessment compared with start of treatment. Scores range from 1 (normal, not at all ill) to 7 (the most extremely ill).

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47

Percentage of Participants Who Relapse as Measured by Hospitalization for Depression or Suicidality

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47

Percentage of Participants Who Relapse as Measured by Discontinuation Due to Lack of Efficacy/Worsening of Depression/Suicidality

Lack of Efficacy/Worsening of depression was at the discretion of the investigator and was based on clinical observation. Suicidality is thoughts or actions of self-harm as determined by the investigator.

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47

Time to Relapse Based on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) Score With Concomitant Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S) of Depression Score

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47

Time to Relapse as Measured by Hospitalization for Depression or Suicidality

Those who did not relapse were "censored" at their last observation.

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47

Time to Relapse as Measured by Discontinuation Due to Lack of Efficacy/Worsening of Depression/Suicidality

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47

Percentage of Participants Responding to Treatment During Open-Label Acute Treatment Phase

A 50% or greater improvement from baseline on the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and a Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S) of Depression score ≤3 will be considered as response criteria met. The MADRS is a rating scale for severity of depressive mood symptoms. The MADRS has a 10-item checklist with items rated on a scale of 0-6, for a total score range of 0 (low severity of depressive symptoms) to 60 (high severity of depressive symptoms). CGI-S measures severity of illness at the time of assessment compared with start of treatment. Scores range from 1 (normal, not at all ill) to 7 (among the most extremely ill participants).

Time frame: Week 0 to Week 8

Percentage of Participants Maintaining Response at Any Point During Stabilization Treatment Phase

Time frame: Week 8 to Week 20

Percentage of Participants Achieving Remission at Any Point During Stabilization Treatment Phase

Remission is defined as the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score ≤8. The MADRS is a rating scale for severity of depressive mood symptoms. The MADRS has a 10-item checklist with items rated on a scale of 0-6, for a total score range of 0 (low severity of depressive symptoms) to 60 (high severity of depressive symptoms).

Time frame: Week 8 to Week 20

Percentage of Participants Maintaining Remission

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47

Mean Change From Week 20 to Week 47 in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) Using Mixed-Effects Model Repeated Measures (MMRM) Analysis

The MADRS has a 10-item checklist with items rated on a scale of 0-6, for a total score range of 0 (low severity of depressive symptoms) to 60 (high severity of depressive symptoms). Least Squares (LS) Mean values were controlled for baseline (Week 20), treatment, country, visit, and treatment by visit interaction.

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20), Week 47

Mean Change From Week 20 to Week 47 in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) Using Last Observation Carried Forward (LOCF) Analysis

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20), up to Week 47

Mean Change From Week 20 to Week 47 in Clinical Global Impressions - Severity (CGI-S) of Depression Using Mixed-Effects Model Repeated Measures (MMRM) Analysis

CGI-S measures severity of illness at the time of assessment compared with start of treatment. Scores range from 1 (normal, not at all ill) to 7 (among the most extremely ill participants). Least Squares (LS) Mean values were controlled for baseline (Week 20), treatment, country, visit, and treatment by visit interaction.

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20), Week 47

Resource Utilization - Average Number of Hours Worked for Pay Per Week at Week 47

Time frame: Week 47

Resource Utilization (Number of Psychiatric Visits, Number of Emergency Room or Equivalent Facility Visits for Psychiatric Illness)

Resource utilization is defined as the average number of psychiatric visits and number of emergency room or equivalent facility visits for psychiatric illness.

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47

Change From Week 20 to Week 47 Endpoint in the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS)

The SDS is completed by the participant and is used to assess the effect of the participant's symptoms on their work or school (Item 1), social (Item 2), and family life and home responsibilities (Item 3). Each item is measured on a 0 (not at all) to 10 (extremely) point scale with higher values indicating greater disruption. Total scores is the sum of the 3 items and range from 0 to 30 with higher values indicating greater disruption in the participant's work/social/family life. Least Squares (LS) Mean values were controlled for baseline (Week 20), treatment and country.

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20), up to Week 47

Percent of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Akathisia

Barnes Akathisia Scale (BAS) rates observable, restless movements of drug-induced akathisia as well as the subjective awareness of restlessness and any distress associated with the akathisia. It consists of 4 items. 3 items (objective akathisia, subjective awareness of restlessness and subjective distress related to restlessness) rated on a 4-point scale, with 0 being no akathisia and 3 being severe akathisia. Item 4 (global clinical assessment of Akathisia) is derived from the responses on Items 1-3 rated on a 6-point scale, with 0 being absence and 5 being extreme Akathisia. Treatment emergent akathisia is defined as a global clinical assessment score on BAS \<2 at baseline (Week 20) and a global clinical assessment score on BAS ≥2 post-baseline (Weeks 21-47).

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47

Percent of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Parkinsonism

Simpson-Angus Scale is used to measure Parkinsonian-type symptoms in participants exposed to neuroleptics. The scale consists of 10 items, each rated on a 5-point scale, with 0 meaning complete absence of the condition and 4 meaning the presence of the condition in extreme form. The total score is obtained by adding the items and ranges from 0-40 with higher scores indicating worse conditions. Treatment emergent parkinsonism is defined as total score ≤3 of items 1 through 10 of the Simpson-Angus scale at baseline (Week 20) and a total score \>3 of items 1 through 10 post-baseline (Weeks 21-47).

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47

Percent of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Dyskinesia

Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) is a 12-item scale designed to record the occurrence of dyskinetic movements. Items 1 through 10 are rated on a 5-point scale, with 0 being no dyskinetic movements and 4 being severe dyskinetic movements. Items 11 and 12 are yes/no questions regarding the dental condition of the participants. Treatment emergent dyskinesia is defined as a score ≥3 on any one of the AIMS items 1-7 post-baseline (Weeks 21-47) or scores ≥2 on any two of the AIMS items 1-7 post-baseline (Weeks 21-47) among participants without either criteria at baseline (Week 20).

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47

Mean Change From Week 20 to Week 47 in Fasting Total Cholesterol

Mixed-effects model repeated measures (MMRM) analysis was used to calculate Least Squares (LS) Mean and standard error (SE). LS Mean values were controlled for baseline (Week 20), treatment, country, visit, and treatment by visit interaction.

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20), Week 47

Percent of Participants With Treatment-Emergent High Fasting Total Cholesterol

Borderline to High fasting total cholesterol: ≥200 milligrams/deciliter (mg/dL) and \<240 mg/dL at baseline and ≥240 mg/dL any time post baseline; Normal to Borderline fasting total cholesterol: \<200 mg/dL at baseline, ≥200 mg/dL and \<240 mg/dL any time post baseline; Normal to High fasting total cholesterol: \<200 mg/dL at baseline and ≥240 mg/dL any time post baseline.

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47

Mean Change From Week 20 to Week 47 in Fasting Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Cholesterol

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20), Week 47

Percent of Participants With Treatment-Emergent High Fasting Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Cholesterol

Borderline to High fasting LDL cholesterol: ≥100 milligrams/deciliter (mg/dL) and \<160 mg/dL at baseline and ≥160 mg/dL any time post baseline; Normal to Borderline fasting LDL cholesterol: \<100 mg/dL at baseline, ≥100 mg/dL and \<160 mg/dL any time post baseline; Normal to High fasting LDL cholesterol: \<100 mg/dL at baseline and ≥160 mg/dL any time post baseline.

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47

Mean Change From Week 20 to Week 47 in Fasting High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20), Week 47

Percent of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Low Fasting High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol

Normal to Low fasting HDL cholesterol is ≥40 milligrams/deciliter (mg/dL) at baseline and \<40 mg/dL anytime post baseline.

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47

Percent of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Hepatic Events

Participants with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) \<=3 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) at baseline, with ALT or AST \>=3 times the ULN post-baseline and total bilirubin \>=2 times ULN at the same time are considered having treatment-emergent hepatic events.

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47

Mean Change From Week 20 to Week 47 in Fasting Triglycerides

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20), Week 47

Percent of Participants With Treatment-Emergent High Fasting Triglycerides

Borderline to High fasting triglycerides: ≥150 milligrams/deciliter (mg/dL) and \<200 mg/dL at baseline and ≥200 mg/dL any time post baseline; Normal to Borderline fasting triglycerides: \<150 mg/dL at baseline, ≥150 mg/dL and \<200 mg/dL any time post baseline; Normal to High fasting triglycerides: \<150 mg/dL at baseline and ≥200 mg/dL any time post baseline.

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47

Mean Change From Week 20 to Week 47 in Fasting Glucose

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20), Week 47

Percent of Participants With Treatment-Emergent High Fasting Glucose

Impaired to High fasting glucose: ≥100 milligrams/deciliter (mg/dL) and \<126 mg/dL at baseline and ≥126 mg/dL any time post baseline; Normal to High glucose: \<100 mg/dL at baseline and ≥126 mg/dL any time post baseline; Normal to Impaired fasting glucose is \<100 mg/dL at baseline, ≥100 mg/dL and \<126 mg/dL any time post baseline; Normal/Impaired to High fasting glucose: \<126 mg/dL at baseline and ≥126 mg/dL any time post baseline.

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47

Mean Change From Week 20 to Week 47 in Weight

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20), Week 47

Percent of Participants With Week 20-to-Week 47 Endpoint Increase in Weight of at Least 7%

Time frame: Week 20 to Week 47

Percent of Participants With Suicide-Related Thoughts and Behaviors

Columbia Suicide Rating Scale (C-SSRS) captures occurrence, severity, and frequency of suicide-related thoughts and behaviors. Suicidal ideation: a "yes" answer to any one of 5 suicidal ideation questions: wish to be dead, and 4 different categories of active suicidal ideation. Suicidal behavior: a "yes" answer to any of 5 suicidal behavior questions: preparatory acts or behavior, aborted attempt, interrupted attempt, actual attempt, and completed suicide.

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47

Mean Change in Corrected (for Rate) Cardiac QT Interval Using Fridericia's Formula (QTcF) on Electrocardiogram

Least Squares (LS) Mean values were obtained from a mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) analysis. Model includes baseline (Week 20), treatment, country, visit, and treatment by visit interaction.

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20), Week 47

Percent of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Corrected (for Rate) Cardiac QT Interval Using Fridericia's Formula (QTcF) on Electrocardiogram ≥500 Milliseconds (Msec)

Data presented are the percent of participants whose baseline corrected (for rate) cardiac QT interval \<500 msec with post-baseline corrected (for rate) cardiac QT interval ≥500 msec.

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47

Percent of Participants With a 60 Milliseconds (Msec) Increase in Fridericia-Corrected (for Rate) Cardiac QT Interval (QTcF) on Electrocardiogram

Time frame: Randomization (Week 20) to Week 47