Sphincter-preserving Surgery After Preoperative Treatment of Ultra-low Rectal Carcinoma

Inclusion Criteria: * Adenocarcinoma of ultra-low rectum at high risk of abdomino-périneal amputation * Tumor classified as EER UT2-UT3, whatever the nodal status * pathological confirmation of rectal adenocarcinoma without evidence of distant metastasis (M0), T2 or T3 resectable tumors without striated sphincter involvement and with the inferior margin of the tumor located less than 2 cm from the upper part of the levator ani. * Age 18 years or older * Informed and written consent Exclusion Criteria: * T1 * T4 (proven invasion of sphincter) * Diffuse metastatic syndrome (no curative intent, short expected life span) * preoperative incontinence (non due to the tumor)