Effects of Different Mode of Exercise Training on Type 2 Diabetes

Inclusion Criteria: * aged 50 years and above, * Hba1c between 8 to 10 % in the past one month, * sedentary, * able to continuously walk for at least 20 minutes and climbed one flight of stairs unaided without stopping were eligible for participation. Exclusion Criteria: * uncontrolled diabetes mellitus with Hba1c more than 10% or if escalation of treatment of glycemic control or dyslipidemia was likely to be necessary over the 2 months training period period, * congestive cardiac failure, unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction within the last one year, * proliferative diabetic retinopathy, * uncontrolled hypertension, * advanced arthritis likely to limit mobility or participation in prescribed exercises, * respiratory conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive lung disease, * significant proteinuria or chronic renal insufficiency, * received drugs for the treatment of obesity or very low caloric diet (VLCD, less than 1000 kcal/ day), * renal disease and * inability to monitor glucose level or comply with exercise program.