Phase I/II Trial of Sodium Stibogluconate in Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Inclusion Criteria: * Documented myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), including therapy-related MDS * Meets 1 of the following criteria: * Refractory to prior azacitidine or decitabine * Did not tolerate treatment with azacitidine or decitabine due to cytopenias or other side effects * Not a candidate for azacitidine or decitabine due to cytopenias or other medical conditions that would contraindicate nucleoside analogues * Refused treatment with azacitidine or decitabine * Life expectancy ≥ 16 weeks * Not pregnant or nursing * No B12 deficiency, folate deficiency, or pyridoxine responsive anemia as confirmed by relevant laboratory testing * No prolongation of QTc or ventricular ectopic beats on EKG * No evidence of cardiac disease * No active infection AND afebrile * More than 21 days since prior azacitidine or decitabine * More than 21 days since other prior treatment for MDS (e.g., thalidomide, valproic acid, or other agents as part of a clinical trial) * Prior cytokines (e.g., erythropoietin, G-CSF, and GM-CSF) allowed * Prior chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy for solid tumors or lymphoma allowed provided there is no evidence of active disease from the prior malignancy Exclusion Criteria: * Prior treatment for leukemia (e.g., acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, or chronic lymphocytic leukemia) * Concurrent cytokines * Concurrent antileukemic treatment, including bone marrow transplantation and radiotherapy