A 3-week, multi-center, open-label, randomized, active-control, parallel-group study to compare effects of Nateglinide and Acarbose on postprandial glucose fluctuation in Chinese drug-naive patients type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this study, participants in different groups took Nateglinide at a dose of 120 mg orally three times daily for up to 3 weeks or Acarbose at a dose of 50 mg three times daily for up to 3 weeks, respectively.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
103
Nateglinide tablets, oral administration, three times daily, 120 mg orally 10 minutes immediately before 3 meals three times daily.
Acarbose tablets, oral administration, three times daily, dosage of 50 mg orally chewing with the first bite of a meal three times daily.
Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, 3 East Qingchun Road
Hangzhou, China
Shanghai Tongji Hospital, 389 Xinchun Road
Shanghai, China
Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Xuanshan Road
Shanghai, China
Change in Area Under Curve of 0-4 Hours Postprandial Glucose (AUCpp0-4hours) in Standardized Meal Test Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (CGMS)
The postprandial glucose area under the curve (AUC)was calculated using values from the 3 time points. Participants were fasting (no calorie intake for at least 8 hours prior to the meal test) and completed the standardized meal test between 7 and 10 AM. 0-4 hours AUC were calculated using trapezoid methods.
Time frame: 3 weeks (end of study) minus baseline
Change in Incremental Glucose Peak (IGP) From Baseline
Incremental glucose peak (IGP) was the maximal incremental increase in blood glucose obtained at any point after meal
Time frame: baseline, 3 weeks (end of study)
Change in Mean Blood Glucose (MBG)
The 24 hour mean blood glucose (MBG) level was calculated as the mean of all the consecutive readings on baseline and end of study(3 weeks later) separately.
Time frame: baseline and at 3 weeks (end of study)
Change in Standard Deviation (SD) From Baseline of Mean Blood Glucose (MBG) Over 24 Hours.
Change in standard deviation (SD) from baseline of mean blood glucose (MBG) describes the range of blood glucose fluctuation over 24 hours.
Time frame: baseline, 3 weeks (end of study)
Change in Mean of Daily Difference of Paired Blood Glucose Value (MODD)
The mean of the daily differences (MODD), calculated as the average absolute difference of paired glucose values during two successive 24 hour periods, was used to assess day-to-day glycaemic variability.
Time frame: baseline, 3 weeks (end of study)
Changes in 24 Hour Glucose Area Under Curve (AUCpp)
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Blood samples were collected for measurement of plasma glucose at 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes following the start of a standardized meal test at Baseline and Week 4. The postprandial glucose area under the curve was calculated using values from the 4 time points. Participants were fasting (no calorie intake for at least 8 hours prior to the meal test) and completed the standardized meal test between 7 and 10 AM.
Time frame: baseline, end of study (3 weeks)
Change in Glycated Serum Albumin (GSA) Levels From Baseline After Treatment
GSA levels were to be determined by CGMS at 7:00\~10:00 am in the 4-hour standardized meal test before treatment after overnight fasting for efficacy assessments
Time frame: baseline, 3 weeks (end of study)
Change in Insulin Levels (μU/ml) During Standardized Meal Test at Endpoint From Baseline
This outcome measure calculated the change in insulin levels between groups over time at 0, 30 then 120 minutes
Time frame: baseline, 3 weeks (end of study)
Change From Baseline in Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C)
change in LDL-C at 0, 30 and 120 minutes
Time frame: baseline, 3 weeks (end of study)
Change of Total Cholesterol in Blood Lipids Levels During Standardized Meal Test at Endpoint From Baseline at Each Time Point
time to change in Total Cholesterol blood lipids level at 0, 30, 120 minutes
Time frame: baseline, 3 weeks (end of study)
Change in Triglyceride (TG)Levels in Blood Lipid Levels During Standardized Meal Test at Endpoint
TG change in blood lipids level from baseline to endpoint
Time frame: baseline, 3 weeks (end of study)
Change From Baseline in High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) at the End of the Study
Blood samples were collected for measurement of HDL-C prior to (fasting) and 120 minutes following the start of a standardized meal test at Baseline and Week 3. Participants were fasting (no calorie intake for at least 8 hours prior to the meal test) and completed the standardized meal test between 7 and 10 AM. HDL-C was assessed at each study site using the same method and same reference value.
Time frame: baseline, 3 weeks (end of study)
Change in Mean Amplitude of Glycaemic Excursion (MAGE)
mean amplitude of glycaemic excursion (MAGE) is an average of the amplitudes of all glycemic excursions greater than a prespecified threshold size
Time frame: baseline, 3 weeks (end of study)
The Percent of 24 Hour Hypoglycemic Measurements
Measures/compares changes in percentage of hypoglycemia(\<3.9mmol/l or \<70 mg/dl) in glucose measurements in 24hours by continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) at endpoint from baseline between groups. Reported values are percent change of the base absolute values \[100% \* ((X-Y)/Y)\]
Time frame: baseline, 3 weeks (end of study)
Change in Percent of 24 Hour Hyperglycemic Measurements
Measures/compares changes in percentage of hyperglycemia (\>7.8mmol/l or 140 mg/dl) in glucose measurements in 24 hours by continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) at endpoint from baseline between groups. Reported values are percent change of the base absolute values \[100% \* ((X-Y)/Y)\]
Time frame: baseline, 3 weeks (end of study)