Safety and Efficacy Study of TAK-700 in Patients With Nonmetastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer and a Rising Prostate-specific Antigen

Inclusion Criteria: Each patient must meet all of the following inclusion criteria: * Male patients 18 years or older * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0-2 * Male patients who Practice effective barrier contraception during study and for 4 months after the last dose of study drug, OR Abstain from heterosexual intercourse. * Voluntary written consent * Histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of prostate adenocarcinoma without radiographic evidence of metastasis but with a rising PSA during or following the patient's most recent antineoplastic therapy despite castrate concentrations of testosterone * Baseline PSA must be greater than or equal to 2 ng/mL and PSA doubling time must be less than or equal to 8 months OR baseline PSA must be greater than or equal to 8 ng/mL if PSA doubling time is greater than 8 months * Has undergone orchiectomy or will continue receiving GnRH analogue therapy * Meet screening laboratory values as specified in protocol Exclusion Criteria: Patients meeting any of the following exclusion criteria are not to be enrolled in the study: * Known hypersensitivity to TAK-700 or related compounds * Received any of the following within 30 days prior to the first dose of TAK-700: any investigational compound; prior herbal product known to decrease PSA; radiation therapy for prostate cancer; OR chronic therapy with corticosteroids * Received prior therapy with aminoglutethimide or ketoconazole * Received antiandrogen therapy within 4 weeks for flutamide and 6 weeks for all others prior to first dose of study drug * Received prior chemotherapy for prostate cancer * Current bladder neck outlet obstruction caused by prostate cancer, current spinal cord compression, or current bilateral hydronephrosis * Symptoms that investigator deems related to prostate cancer * Diagnosis or treatment of another malignancy within 2 years preceding first dose of study drug except nonmelanoma skin cancer or in situ malignancy completely resected * History of adrenal insufficiency * Uncontrolled cardiovascular condition * Known history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, hepatitis B, or hepatitis C * Unwilling or unable to comply with protocol * Major surgery or serious infection within 14 days of first dose of TAK-700 * Life-threatening illness unrelated to cancer * Uncontrolled nausea, vomiting or diarrhea * Known gastrointestinal disease or procedure that could interfere with oral absorption or tolerance of TAK-700